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The Only Democracy in the Middle East pt.2 [Ep.6] | Project Zionism | The Enemies of Islam Season II: Project Zionism Episode VI: The Only Democracy in the Middle East pt.2 A series of clips that unveils the \'Enemies of Islam\'. A Production of @PureStreamMedia #TheEnemiesOfIslam #ProjectZionism #Season2 #Series

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The Only Democracy in the Middle East pt.3 (last) [Ep.7] | Project Zionism | The Enemies of Islam Season II: Project Zionism Episode VII: The Only Democracy in the Middle East pt.3 (last) A series of clips that unveils the \'Enemies of Islam\'. A Production of @PureStreamMedia #TheEnemiesOfIslam #ProjectZionism #Season2 #Series

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Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 1Part 1 - Surprise Attack. Enver Pasha, minister of war for the Ottoman Empire, agrees to a secret alliance with Germany in August 1914. Istanbul mobilizes its army but remains neutral for nearly three months. Eager for a fight against Russia, Enver orders the Turkish Black Sea Fleet to bombard Russian seaports on October 29th. The Triple Entente -- France, Russia and Great Britain -- reacts swiftly and declares war against the Turks within a week. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day. 2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region. After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination. With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.

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Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 3 The DardanellesA Franco-British fleet under Admiral Sackville Carden bombards Ottoman fortifications along the Dardanelles Straits, hoping to break through to Istanbul. Carden has a nervous breakdown and Rear Admiral John de Robeck takes charge of the 16-battleship task force. On March 18th, three Allied battleships are sunk by mines and three others are disabled. De Robeck fears losing more ships and decides to call off the attack. Despite the pleas of First Admiralty Lord Winston Churchill, the Allied Fleet withdraws. If only one British battleship had made it to Istanbul, the entire course of the war might have changed. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day. 2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region. After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination. With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.

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Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 4 Suez Advance Suez Advance. Less than two weeks after the disaster at Sarikamesh, Minister of the Navy Jemal Pasha leads 20,000 men in a secret operation across the Sinai Peninsula -- the target is the Suez Canal, British lifeline to the Persian Gulf and India. A Turkish assault against the canal is broken up by the British defenders with the loss of 2,000 men. London sends so many troops to Egypt that the Ottoman Army will never attack the Canal again. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day. 2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region. After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination. With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.

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Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 5 Gallipoli Gallipoli. April 25, 1915: 78,000 British and Anzac troops land on two beachheads on the Gallipoli peninsula. They are opposed by 60,000 Ottoman troops, commanded by German General Liman von Sanders. At Anzac Cove, the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps move up the slopes and are stopped by Colonel Mustafa Kemal and men from his 19th Division. On the other beach, Cape Helles, British troops land in broad daylight and pay a heavy price. As the Turks encircle the small beachheads with fortified positions, the British find themselves in the same kind of trench warfare that exists on the Western Front. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day. 2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region. After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination. With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.

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Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 6 Iraq Expedition Part 6 - Iraq Expedition. The British land near Basra in southern Iraq to protect the oil fields in nearby Iran. British General John Nixon sends General Charles Townshend and his troops up the Tigris River Valley in the spring of 1915. After beating the Turks at Kut-el-Amara, Townshend is stopped in November at the Battle of Ctesiphon, only 25 miles from Baghdad. With supplies and ammunition running low, the British retreat downriver to Kut. The Turkish forces pursue Townshend and surround the city. They intend to starve the British into surrender. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day. 2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region. After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination. With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 7 Caucasus After the disaster at Sarikamesh, Russian troops arrive in force by February 1915 and begin an advance into eastern Turkey. In a series of battles, control over the region seesaws between the opposing forces. In September, Grand Duke Nicholas (uncle of Tsar Nicholas II) arrives to take command of the Caucasus front and plans a new offensive for the following year. In January 1916, the Russians advance again and capture the fortress city of Erzurum. By the end of August, Nicholas and his army have eastern Turkey firmly in their grasp. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day. 2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region. After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination. With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 11 Gaza Battles In March and April of 1917, the Turks win the first and second battles of Gaza, driving back the forces of General Archibald Murray. In June, the War Office in London removes Murray from command. In his place, General Edmund Allenby arrives with the succinct orders to "take Jerusalem by Christmas." October 31, 1917: in the Third Battle of Gaza, Allenby's army battles all day against the Turks at Beersheba, when a furious charge by the Australian Light Horse Regiment finally breaks the Turkish line. The British advance and capture Gaza soon after. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day. 2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region. After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination. With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 12 Jerusalem Falls Jerusalem Falls. Allenby pursues the retreating enemy, splitting the two Turkish armies -- the Eighth retreats up the coast and the Seventh falls back to Jerusalem. Turning toward Jerusalem, Allenby's troops advance and drive the enemy northward. On December 8th, civil authorities surrender the Holy City to the British. Three days later, General Allenby walks into Jerusalem as the city's 34th conqueror; Prime Minister Lloyd George and the British public have their "Christmas present" two weeks early.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 13 Arab Revolt On June 5, 1916, Sherif Hussein proclaims Arab independence from the sultan in Istanbul; five days later, the Turkish garrison at Mecca surrenders. The Cairo Bureau assigns Major T.E. Lawrence to coordinate military operations with the Arab rebels. Yet much confusion exists as to the revolt's actual strength; British intelligence relies on a single Arab source whose information is suspect. Promoted to colonel, "Lawrence of Arabia" and Prince Feisal lead the Arab Revolt in earnest by the start of 1918. His guerrillas attack the Hejaz Railway, running some 600 miles from Medina to Amman. Lawrence's actions pin down 25,000 Ottoman troops in blockhouses and outposts along the train line. By September, Lawrence and his guerrillas move north to operate on Allenby's right flank. Arab strength never totals more than 6,000 men, but they are bolstered by British armored cars and light machine guns; British gold helps to keep them fighting.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 14 Palestine FrontReinforced during the summer of 1918, General Allenby plans a decisive drive against Istanbul. Utmost secrecy is maintained. British air power clears the sky of enemy observers. Dummy camps and horse lines help to obscure Allenby's intentions. The military balance is tipped heavily in favor of the British: 70,000 men and 540 guns against 8,000 Ottoman troops and 130 guns. At the Battle of Megiddo (September 19-21, 1918), the British drive the Ottoman Seventh and Eighth armies back in disorder toward the Jordan River.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 15 Oil in Baku By 1918, the oil fields of Baku become the objective for British, Turkish, and even Bolshevik forces. In January, General L.C. Dunsterville leads his troops ("Dunsterforce") from Baghdad to the Caspian Sea and into Baku by August. Meanwhile, the Turks finally drive Armenian rebels from Eastern Anatolia (March-April) while German troops land from the Black Sea and capture the city of Tiflis in the Caucasus (June12th). The Turks win the race to Baku and vigorously attack the British, who evacuate the city on September 14th. Two months later, a British naval flotilla on the Caspian Sea drives the Turks out of Baku.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 17 Mustafa Kemal Mustafa Kemal. Leaving Istanbul under the ruse of disarming Ottoman forces in the Anatolian interior, Colonel Mustafa Kemal lands at the Black Sea port of Samsun on May 19, 1919. He rallies patriotic Turks in a nationalist front and solidifies his efforts at two separate conferences, one at Sivas and the other at Erzurum. Kemal works ceaselessly in building a new army and government to preserve the Turkish nation.

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Middle East in WWI Pt 18 Spoils of War Spoils of War. Since the Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916, France and Great Britain have planned to carve up the Ottoman Empire between them. On August 20, 1919, the Treaty of Sevres strips the Ottoman Empire of all its holdings outside Anatolia, except for a small piece of European land. France and Great Britain claim huge areas of Ottoman territory as "spheres of influence" in the Middle East, and guarantee British control of oil supplies in Iraq. On paper, the Armenians are promised an independent republic. Kemal's nationalists reject the treaty as they prepare to fight British, Armenian, French, and Greek invaders.