3:17
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Kandovan Village in Iran Home Carved into Rocks English
Kandovan Village in Iran is incredible art and interesting living style Its one of thousands attractive Irans Tourism scenes
Kandovan Village in Iran is incredible art and interesting living style Its one of thousands attractive Irans Tourism scenes
4:25
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Altyazılı Hizbullah Marşı | 3ala Ard Bi Al-Dam Inketeb | Toprağıma Kanla Yazıldı | Arabic Sub Turkish
Hizbullahın Eski Bir Marşı Türkçe Altyazılı Olarak Hizmetinizdedir.
Arabic Words\\\\
اتحدينا المدفع بالدم حلفنا عالدار منرجع
مهما الظلم اشتد...
Hizbullahın Eski Bir Marşı Türkçe Altyazılı Olarak Hizmetinizdedir.
Arabic Words\\\\
اتحدينا المدفع بالدم حلفنا عالدار منرجع
مهما الظلم اشتد وعم الغاصب من الارض بيطلع
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
يا جنوبي لو مهما صار الارض بتبقى بيبقى الدار
بمقاوم فارس مغوار سلاحه بيرق موطنا
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
يا جنوبي من يوم خلقنا الحريه راية عزتنا
وين المحتل ينازلنا منستشهد ما منرضا العار
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
يا تراب جنوبي من شمسك فجر الحريه بيشهدلك
عطر الشهداء مزين دربك صوتك الحان الثوار
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
English Words\\\\
We opposed the cannons with blood, we swore to return to our homes,
No matter how the oppression strengthens and spreads, we will expel the rapist from our land.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs.
Oh my South, no matter what happens, our land will remain, our home will remain,
By resistance, the knight, the fighter - his weapon is the symbol of our nation.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs.
Oh my South, from the day of our creation, freedom was the banner of our glory,
Where the occupier fought us, we fell without accepting disgrace.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs.
Oh soil of the South, the dawn of freedom bears witness from your sun,
The scent of the martyrs adorns your path, your voice is the melody of the revolutionaries.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs
More...
Description:
Hizbullahın Eski Bir Marşı Türkçe Altyazılı Olarak Hizmetinizdedir.
Arabic Words\\\\
اتحدينا المدفع بالدم حلفنا عالدار منرجع
مهما الظلم اشتد وعم الغاصب من الارض بيطلع
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
يا جنوبي لو مهما صار الارض بتبقى بيبقى الدار
بمقاوم فارس مغوار سلاحه بيرق موطنا
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
يا جنوبي من يوم خلقنا الحريه راية عزتنا
وين المحتل ينازلنا منستشهد ما منرضا العار
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
يا تراب جنوبي من شمسك فجر الحريه بيشهدلك
عطر الشهداء مزين دربك صوتك الحان الثوار
على ارضي بالدم انكتب المحتل مهزوم انسحب بالسيف عالصخر انحفر لبنان بالشهداء انتصر
English Words\\\\
We opposed the cannons with blood, we swore to return to our homes,
No matter how the oppression strengthens and spreads, we will expel the rapist from our land.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs.
Oh my South, no matter what happens, our land will remain, our home will remain,
By resistance, the knight, the fighter - his weapon is the symbol of our nation.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs.
Oh my South, from the day of our creation, freedom was the banner of our glory,
Where the occupier fought us, we fell without accepting disgrace.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs.
Oh soil of the South, the dawn of freedom bears witness from your sun,
The scent of the martyrs adorns your path, your voice is the melody of the revolutionaries.
On my land it is written in blood: the defeated occupier has withdrawn,
It was carved in stone with the sword: Lebanon has triumphed by her martyrs
5:11
|
Middle East in WWI Pt 1 Surprise Attack
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 1Part 1 - Surprise Attack. Enver Pasha, minister of war for the Ottoman Empire, agrees to a secret alliance with Germany in August 1914. Istanbul mobilizes its...
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 1Part 1 - Surprise Attack. Enver Pasha, minister of war for the Ottoman Empire, agrees to a secret alliance with Germany in August 1914. Istanbul mobilizes its army but remains neutral for nearly three months. Eager for a fight against Russia, Enver orders the Turkish Black Sea Fleet to bombard Russian seaports on October 29th. The Triple Entente -- France, Russia and Great Britain -- reacts swiftly and declares war against the Turks within a week.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 1Part 1 - Surprise Attack. Enver Pasha, minister of war for the Ottoman Empire, agrees to a secret alliance with Germany in August 1914. Istanbul mobilizes its army but remains neutral for nearly three months. Eager for a fight against Russia, Enver orders the Turkish Black Sea Fleet to bombard Russian seaports on October 29th. The Triple Entente -- France, Russia and Great Britain -- reacts swiftly and declares war against the Turks within a week.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
3:19
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Middle East in WWI Pt 2 Military Disaster English
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI P2 Enver Pasha takes personal command of the Ottoman Third Army (95,000 men) and sends it to attack Russian forces in the Caucasus. German military advisor,...
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI P2 Enver Pasha takes personal command of the Ottoman Third Army (95,000 men) and sends it to attack Russian forces in the Caucasus. German military advisor, General Liman von Sanders, advises against a mountain offensive in winter. On December 29, 1914, the Ottoman advance is halted by about 100,000 Russian troops at Sarikamesh. Six days later, the Turks have lost 30,000 men and reel back toward the city of Erzurum. More soldiers desert or die of frostbite; more than half of the Third Army is lost.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI P2 Enver Pasha takes personal command of the Ottoman Third Army (95,000 men) and sends it to attack Russian forces in the Caucasus. German military advisor, General Liman von Sanders, advises against a mountain offensive in winter. On December 29, 1914, the Ottoman advance is halted by about 100,000 Russian troops at Sarikamesh. Six days later, the Turks have lost 30,000 men and reel back toward the city of Erzurum. More soldiers desert or die of frostbite; more than half of the Third Army is lost.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
5:49
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Middle East in WWI Pt 3 The Dardanelles English
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 3 The DardanellesA Franco-British fleet under Admiral Sackville Carden bombards Ottoman fortifications along the Dardanelles Straits, hoping to break through to...
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 3 The DardanellesA Franco-British fleet under Admiral Sackville Carden bombards Ottoman fortifications along the Dardanelles Straits, hoping to break through to Istanbul. Carden has a nervous breakdown and Rear Admiral John de Robeck takes charge of the 16-battleship task force. On March 18th, three Allied battleships are sunk by mines and three others are disabled. De Robeck fears losing more ships and decides to call off the attack. Despite the pleas of First Admiralty Lord Winston Churchill, the Allied Fleet withdraws. If only one British battleship had made it to Istanbul, the entire course of the war might have changed.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 3 The DardanellesA Franco-British fleet under Admiral Sackville Carden bombards Ottoman fortifications along the Dardanelles Straits, hoping to break through to Istanbul. Carden has a nervous breakdown and Rear Admiral John de Robeck takes charge of the 16-battleship task force. On March 18th, three Allied battleships are sunk by mines and three others are disabled. De Robeck fears losing more ships and decides to call off the attack. Despite the pleas of First Admiralty Lord Winston Churchill, the Allied Fleet withdraws. If only one British battleship had made it to Istanbul, the entire course of the war might have changed.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
2:47
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Middle East in WWI Pt 4 Suez Advance English
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 4 Suez Advance Suez Advance. Less than two weeks after the disaster at Sarikamesh, Minister of the Navy Jemal Pasha leads 20,000 men in a secret operation across...
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 4 Suez Advance Suez Advance. Less than two weeks after the disaster at Sarikamesh, Minister of the Navy Jemal Pasha leads 20,000 men in a secret operation across the Sinai Peninsula -- the target is the Suez Canal, British lifeline to the Persian Gulf and India. A Turkish assault against the canal is broken up by the British defenders with the loss of 2,000 men. London sends so many troops to Egypt that the Ottoman Army will never attack the Canal again.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 4 Suez Advance Suez Advance. Less than two weeks after the disaster at Sarikamesh, Minister of the Navy Jemal Pasha leads 20,000 men in a secret operation across the Sinai Peninsula -- the target is the Suez Canal, British lifeline to the Persian Gulf and India. A Turkish assault against the canal is broken up by the British defenders with the loss of 2,000 men. London sends so many troops to Egypt that the Ottoman Army will never attack the Canal again.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
8:56
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Middle East in WWI Pt 5 Gallipoli English
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 5 Gallipoli Gallipoli. April 25, 1915: 78,000 British and Anzac troops land on two beachheads on the Gallipoli peninsula. They are opposed by 60,000 Ottoman...
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 5 Gallipoli Gallipoli. April 25, 1915: 78,000 British and Anzac troops land on two beachheads on the Gallipoli peninsula. They are opposed by 60,000 Ottoman troops, commanded by German General Liman von Sanders. At Anzac Cove, the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps move up the slopes and are stopped by Colonel Mustafa Kemal and men from his 19th Division. On the other beach, Cape Helles, British troops land in broad daylight and pay a heavy price. As the Turks encircle the small beachheads with fortified positions, the British find themselves in the same kind of trench warfare that exists on the Western Front.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 5 Gallipoli Gallipoli. April 25, 1915: 78,000 British and Anzac troops land on two beachheads on the Gallipoli peninsula. They are opposed by 60,000 Ottoman troops, commanded by German General Liman von Sanders. At Anzac Cove, the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps move up the slopes and are stopped by Colonel Mustafa Kemal and men from his 19th Division. On the other beach, Cape Helles, British troops land in broad daylight and pay a heavy price. As the Turks encircle the small beachheads with fortified positions, the British find themselves in the same kind of trench warfare that exists on the Western Front.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
Middle East in WWI Pt 6 Iraq Expedition - English
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 6 Iraq Expedition
Part 6 - Iraq Expedition. The British land near Basra in southern Iraq to protect the oil fields in nearby Iran. British General John Nixon...
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 6 Iraq Expedition
Part 6 - Iraq Expedition. The British land near Basra in southern Iraq to protect the oil fields in nearby Iran. British General John Nixon sends General Charles Townshend and his troops up the Tigris River Valley in the spring of 1915. After beating the Turks at Kut-el-Amara, Townshend is stopped in November at the Battle of Ctesiphon, only 25 miles from Baghdad. With supplies and ammunition running low, the British retreat downriver to Kut. The Turkish forces pursue Townshend and surround the city. They intend to starve the British into surrender.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Blood and Oil Middle East in WWI Pt 6 Iraq Expedition
Part 6 - Iraq Expedition. The British land near Basra in southern Iraq to protect the oil fields in nearby Iran. British General John Nixon sends General Charles Townshend and his troops up the Tigris River Valley in the spring of 1915. After beating the Turks at Kut-el-Amara, Townshend is stopped in November at the Battle of Ctesiphon, only 25 miles from Baghdad. With supplies and ammunition running low, the British retreat downriver to Kut. The Turkish forces pursue Townshend and surround the city. They intend to starve the British into surrender.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
4:41
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Middle East in WWI Pt 7 Caucasus Front English
Middle East in WWI Pt 7 Caucasus After the disaster at Sarikamesh, Russian troops arrive in force by February 1915 and begin an advance into eastern Turkey. In a series of battles, control over...
Middle East in WWI Pt 7 Caucasus After the disaster at Sarikamesh, Russian troops arrive in force by February 1915 and begin an advance into eastern Turkey. In a series of battles, control over the region seesaws between the opposing forces. In September, Grand Duke Nicholas (uncle of Tsar Nicholas II) arrives to take command of the Caucasus front and plans a new offensive for the following year. In January 1916, the Russians advance again and capture the fortress city of Erzurum. By the end of August, Nicholas and his army have eastern Turkey firmly in their grasp.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Middle East in WWI Pt 7 Caucasus After the disaster at Sarikamesh, Russian troops arrive in force by February 1915 and begin an advance into eastern Turkey. In a series of battles, control over the region seesaws between the opposing forces. In September, Grand Duke Nicholas (uncle of Tsar Nicholas II) arrives to take command of the Caucasus front and plans a new offensive for the following year. In January 1916, the Russians advance again and capture the fortress city of Erzurum. By the end of August, Nicholas and his army have eastern Turkey firmly in their grasp.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
2:53
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Middle East in WWI Pt 8 Iraq Revisited English
Middle East in WWI Iraq Revisited. General Townshend's troops, besieged by the Turks at Kut, wait in vain for rescue in the spring of 1916. British forces under the command of General Aylmer try to...
Middle East in WWI Iraq Revisited. General Townshend's troops, besieged by the Turks at Kut, wait in vain for rescue in the spring of 1916. British forces under the command of General Aylmer try to break through the Turkish ring, but fail repeatedly. As Townshend's troops run out of food and ammunition, the situation becomes critical. On April 29th, about 13,000 British soldiers surrender to the Turks. The campaign to capture Baghdad has ended in disaster.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory
More...
Description:
Middle East in WWI Iraq Revisited. General Townshend's troops, besieged by the Turks at Kut, wait in vain for rescue in the spring of 1916. British forces under the command of General Aylmer try to break through the Turkish ring, but fail repeatedly. As Townshend's troops run out of food and ammunition, the situation becomes critical. On April 29th, about 13,000 British soldiers surrender to the Turks. The campaign to capture Baghdad has ended in disaster.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory
3:35
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Middle East in WWI Pt 9 Desert War English
Middle East in WWIPart 9 - Desert War. Beginning in early 1917, British troops under General Archibald Murray clear the Sinai Peninsula of Turkish forces. Murray begins a limited offensive into...
Middle East in WWIPart 9 - Desert War. Beginning in early 1917, British troops under General Archibald Murray clear the Sinai Peninsula of Turkish forces. Murray begins a limited offensive into Palestine, where the Turks have built defensive positions along the ridges between Gaza and Beersheba, two natural gateways into the region. The British advance is slow and methodical; a railroad is built for supplies and reinforcements, and a pipeline is built to carry water for the troops and animals. But the searing Sinai Desert has a fierce effect on the British soldiers, and the sun's terrible heat becomes their worst enemy.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Middle East in WWIPart 9 - Desert War. Beginning in early 1917, British troops under General Archibald Murray clear the Sinai Peninsula of Turkish forces. Murray begins a limited offensive into Palestine, where the Turks have built defensive positions along the ridges between Gaza and Beersheba, two natural gateways into the region. The British advance is slow and methodical; a railroad is built for supplies and reinforcements, and a pipeline is built to carry water for the troops and animals. But the searing Sinai Desert has a fierce effect on the British soldiers, and the sun's terrible heat becomes their worst enemy.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
3:12
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Middle East in WWI Pt 10 Baghdad Taken English
Middle East in WWI Part 10 - Baghdad Taken. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in...
Middle East in WWI Part 10 - Baghdad Taken. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Middle East in WWI Part 10 - Baghdad Taken. Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
6:06
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Middle East in WWI Pt 11 Gaza Battles English
Middle East in WWI Pt 11 Gaza Battles In March and April of 1917, the Turks win the first and second battles of Gaza, driving back the forces of General Archibald Murray. In June, the War Office in...
Middle East in WWI Pt 11 Gaza Battles In March and April of 1917, the Turks win the first and second battles of Gaza, driving back the forces of General Archibald Murray. In June, the War Office in London removes Murray from command. In his place, General Edmund Allenby arrives with the succinct orders to "take Jerusalem by Christmas." October 31, 1917: in the Third Battle of Gaza, Allenby's army battles all day against the Turks at Beersheba, when a furious charge by the Australian Light Horse Regiment finally breaks the Turkish line. The British advance and capture Gaza soon after.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
More...
Description:
Middle East in WWI Pt 11 Gaza Battles In March and April of 1917, the Turks win the first and second battles of Gaza, driving back the forces of General Archibald Murray. In June, the War Office in London removes Murray from command. In his place, General Edmund Allenby arrives with the succinct orders to "take Jerusalem by Christmas." October 31, 1917: in the Third Battle of Gaza, Allenby's army battles all day against the Turks at Beersheba, when a furious charge by the Australian Light Horse Regiment finally breaks the Turkish line. The British advance and capture Gaza soon after.
Except for the Dardanelles/Gallipoli campaigns, the extensive combat operations in the Middle East during World War I have been largely overlooked in documentary programs. Given the historical significance of the Ottoman Empire's demise in 1918, and the ongoing importance of Middle Eastern oil reserves to Western economies, a close study of this conflict provides two important lessons:
1. The Treaty of Versailles, agreed to by the Western Powers in 1919, paved the way for military and political chaos in the Middle East, which continues to this very day.
2. Oil reserves in the Middle East became an important strategic concern for Western Powers, helping to justify their economic, diplomatic and military interference in the region.
After the end of World War I, most of the Ottoman Empire was carved up into "spheres of influence", controlled mostly by the British and French. The remaining territories became the modern state of Turkey in 1923 -- after a five-year struggle by Turkish nationalists against Western domination.
With little regard for cultural, historical, religious and demographic considerations, the West sponsored the creation of several new nations: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. Thus, a "tinderbox" was built from Western greed, igniting a multitude of wars, revolts, coups and military occupations that truly have made the defeat of the Ottoman Empire little more than a hollow victory.
4:59
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[Audio][09] Distortions of Ashura - by Martyr Ayatullah Murtada Mutahhari - English
A worse fabrication is the one mentioned by Hajji Nuri. As you know, in the heat of the battle on the day of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\', the Imam offered his prayers hurriedly in the...
A worse fabrication is the one mentioned by Hajji Nuri. As you know, in the heat of the battle on the day of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\', the Imam offered his prayers hurriedly in the form of salat al-khawf. The Shari\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'ah stipulates certain modifications in the obligatory salat, the daily ritual prayers, when offered in conditions of war and danger of the enemy\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s attack. The salat thus offered is referred to as salat al-khawf; (see the Quran, 4:101). And there was no respite even to offer full prayers. In fact, two of the companions of the Imam came to stand in front of him to shield the Imam (against the arrows) so that he may offer two rak\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'ahs of the salat al-khawf. The two of them fell from the injuries inflicted under the shower of the arrows. The enemy would not even give respite for offering prayers. Nevertheless, they have concocted a story that the Imam called for a wedding ceremony on this day, declaring, \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'It is my wish to see one of my daughter wedded to Qasim.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' Obviously, one cannot take one\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s wishes to one\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s grave.
By God, see what kind of things they have attributed to a man like Husayn ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ali, things the like of which we sometimes hear from persons of a very mediocre character, who express a wish to see the wedding of their son or daughter in their life. And this is said to have occurred at a time when there was hardly any respite even for offering prayers. They say that the Hadrat said, \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'I want to wed my daughter to my nephew here and now, even if it is just an appearance of a wedding.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' One of the things that was an inseparable part of our traditional ta\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'ziyahs was the wedding of Qasim, the boy bridegroom. Such an episode is not mentioned in any reliable book of history. According to Hajji Nuri, Mulla Husayn Kashifi was the first man to write this story in a book named Rawdat al-shuhada\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' and it is totally fictitious. The case here is similar to the one about which the poet says:
Many are the appendages that they have clapped upon it,
You will hardly recognize it when you see it again.
Were the Sayyid al-Shuhada\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' to come and observe these things (and, of course, he does from the world of the spirit, but were he come into the world of appearance ) he will find that we have carved out for him companions that he never had. For instance, in the book Muhriq al-qulub - whose author was, incidentally, an eminent scholar and jurist, but who had no knowledge of these matters - that one of the companions to appear out of nowhere on the day of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' was Hashim Mirqal, who came bearing an eighteen cubits long spear in his hand. (After all someone had claimed that Sinan ibn Anas - who according to some reports severed the head of Imam Husayn - had a spear sixty cubits long. He was told that a spear could not be sixty cubits. He replied that God had sent it for him from the heaven!) Muhriq al-qulub writes that Hashim ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Utbah Mirqal appeared with a spear sixteen cubits long, whereas this Hashim ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Utbah was a companion of Amir al-Mu\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'minin \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ali and had been killed twenty years earlier.
We have attributed several companions to Husayn ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ali that he did not have, such as the Za\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'far the Jinn. Similarly, there are some names among the enemies that did not exist.
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Description:
A worse fabrication is the one mentioned by Hajji Nuri. As you know, in the heat of the battle on the day of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\', the Imam offered his prayers hurriedly in the form of salat al-khawf. The Shari\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'ah stipulates certain modifications in the obligatory salat, the daily ritual prayers, when offered in conditions of war and danger of the enemy\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s attack. The salat thus offered is referred to as salat al-khawf; (see the Quran, 4:101). And there was no respite even to offer full prayers. In fact, two of the companions of the Imam came to stand in front of him to shield the Imam (against the arrows) so that he may offer two rak\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'ahs of the salat al-khawf. The two of them fell from the injuries inflicted under the shower of the arrows. The enemy would not even give respite for offering prayers. Nevertheless, they have concocted a story that the Imam called for a wedding ceremony on this day, declaring, \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'It is my wish to see one of my daughter wedded to Qasim.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' Obviously, one cannot take one\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s wishes to one\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s grave.
By God, see what kind of things they have attributed to a man like Husayn ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ali, things the like of which we sometimes hear from persons of a very mediocre character, who express a wish to see the wedding of their son or daughter in their life. And this is said to have occurred at a time when there was hardly any respite even for offering prayers. They say that the Hadrat said, \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'I want to wed my daughter to my nephew here and now, even if it is just an appearance of a wedding.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' One of the things that was an inseparable part of our traditional ta\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'ziyahs was the wedding of Qasim, the boy bridegroom. Such an episode is not mentioned in any reliable book of history. According to Hajji Nuri, Mulla Husayn Kashifi was the first man to write this story in a book named Rawdat al-shuhada\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' and it is totally fictitious. The case here is similar to the one about which the poet says:
Many are the appendages that they have clapped upon it,
You will hardly recognize it when you see it again.
Were the Sayyid al-Shuhada\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' to come and observe these things (and, of course, he does from the world of the spirit, but were he come into the world of appearance ) he will find that we have carved out for him companions that he never had. For instance, in the book Muhriq al-qulub - whose author was, incidentally, an eminent scholar and jurist, but who had no knowledge of these matters - that one of the companions to appear out of nowhere on the day of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' was Hashim Mirqal, who came bearing an eighteen cubits long spear in his hand. (After all someone had claimed that Sinan ibn Anas - who according to some reports severed the head of Imam Husayn - had a spear sixty cubits long. He was told that a spear could not be sixty cubits. He replied that God had sent it for him from the heaven!) Muhriq al-qulub writes that Hashim ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Utbah Mirqal appeared with a spear sixteen cubits long, whereas this Hashim ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Utbah was a companion of Amir al-Mu\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'minin \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ali and had been killed twenty years earlier.
We have attributed several companions to Husayn ibn \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'Ali that he did not have, such as the Za\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'far the Jinn. Similarly, there are some names among the enemies that did not exist.
4:54
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[Audio][12] Distortions of Ashura - by Martyr Ayatullah Murtada Mutahhari - English
Hence the developments relating to Karbala\\\\\\\' are quite clear and all of them are throughout a matter of great honor and pride. But we have disfigured this shining historic event to such an...
Hence the developments relating to Karbala\\\\\\\' are quite clear and all of them are throughout a matter of great honor and pride. But we have disfigured this shining historic event to such an extent and have committed such a monstrous treachery towards Imam Husayn (\\\\\\\'a) that if he were to come and see, he will say, \\\\\\\'You have changed the entire face of the event. I am not the Imam Husayn that you have sketched out in your own imagination. The Qasim ibn Hasan that you have painted in your fancy is not my nephew. The \\\\\\\'Ali Akbar that you have faked in your imagination is not my aware and intelligent son. The companions that you have carved out are not my companions.\\\\\\\"
We have fabricated a Qasim whose only desire is to become a bridegroom and whose uncle\\\\\\\'s wish, too, is to have him wedded. Contrast this one with the historical Qasim. Reliable histories report that on the night of \\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\' the Imam (\\\\\\\'a) gathered his companions in a tent whose location, as described by the phrase \\\\\\\'inda qurbil-ma\\\\\\\', was the place where water used to be kept, or near it. There he delivered that very well-known sermon of the night preceding \\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\'. I do not want to mention its details here, but, to put it briefly, in this sermon the Imam told them that every one of them was free to depart and leave him to confront the enemy alone. The Imam did not want anybody to stay just for considerations of courtesy or to remain out of compulsion, or even to think that they were obliged to do so by virtue of the allegiance (bay\\\\\\\'ah) they had given him. Hence he tells them, \\\\\\\"You are all free, my companions, members of my family, my sons, and my nephews-everyone-to leave without being liable to anything. They [i.e. the enemy\\\\\\\'s forces] have nothing against anyone except me. The night is dark. Take advantage of the darkness of the night and depart. They will definitely not stop you.\\\\\\\" At first, he expresses his appreciation for them and tell them, I am most pleased with you. I do not know of any companions better than mine, and no better relatives than the members of my family.\\\\\\\"
But all of them tell him, in unison, that such a thing was impossible. What answer will they give to the Prophet on the Day of Resurrection? What will happen to loyalty, to humanity, to love and attachment? Their ardent responses and their words said on that occasion melt a heart of stone and are most moving. One of them says, \\\\\\\"Is one life worth enough to be sacrificed for someone like you? I wish that I were brought to life seventy times to die seventy time for your sake.\\\\\\\" Another says, \\\\\\\"I would lay down a thousand lives for your sake if I had them.\\\\\\\" Another says, \\\\\\\"If I were to sacrifice my life for you and my body were burnt to ashes and the ashes were cast to wind, and were this done a hundred times, I would still love to die for your sake.\\\\\\\" The first to speak was his brother Abu al-Fadl, and then the Imam changed the subject and told them about the events of the next day, informing them that they all would be killed. All of them receive it as a great good news.
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Description:
Hence the developments relating to Karbala\\\\\\\' are quite clear and all of them are throughout a matter of great honor and pride. But we have disfigured this shining historic event to such an extent and have committed such a monstrous treachery towards Imam Husayn (\\\\\\\'a) that if he were to come and see, he will say, \\\\\\\'You have changed the entire face of the event. I am not the Imam Husayn that you have sketched out in your own imagination. The Qasim ibn Hasan that you have painted in your fancy is not my nephew. The \\\\\\\'Ali Akbar that you have faked in your imagination is not my aware and intelligent son. The companions that you have carved out are not my companions.\\\\\\\"
We have fabricated a Qasim whose only desire is to become a bridegroom and whose uncle\\\\\\\'s wish, too, is to have him wedded. Contrast this one with the historical Qasim. Reliable histories report that on the night of \\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\' the Imam (\\\\\\\'a) gathered his companions in a tent whose location, as described by the phrase \\\\\\\'inda qurbil-ma\\\\\\\', was the place where water used to be kept, or near it. There he delivered that very well-known sermon of the night preceding \\\\\\\'Ashura\\\\\\\'. I do not want to mention its details here, but, to put it briefly, in this sermon the Imam told them that every one of them was free to depart and leave him to confront the enemy alone. The Imam did not want anybody to stay just for considerations of courtesy or to remain out of compulsion, or even to think that they were obliged to do so by virtue of the allegiance (bay\\\\\\\'ah) they had given him. Hence he tells them, \\\\\\\"You are all free, my companions, members of my family, my sons, and my nephews-everyone-to leave without being liable to anything. They [i.e. the enemy\\\\\\\'s forces] have nothing against anyone except me. The night is dark. Take advantage of the darkness of the night and depart. They will definitely not stop you.\\\\\\\" At first, he expresses his appreciation for them and tell them, I am most pleased with you. I do not know of any companions better than mine, and no better relatives than the members of my family.\\\\\\\"
But all of them tell him, in unison, that such a thing was impossible. What answer will they give to the Prophet on the Day of Resurrection? What will happen to loyalty, to humanity, to love and attachment? Their ardent responses and their words said on that occasion melt a heart of stone and are most moving. One of them says, \\\\\\\"Is one life worth enough to be sacrificed for someone like you? I wish that I were brought to life seventy times to die seventy time for your sake.\\\\\\\" Another says, \\\\\\\"I would lay down a thousand lives for your sake if I had them.\\\\\\\" Another says, \\\\\\\"If I were to sacrifice my life for you and my body were burnt to ashes and the ashes were cast to wind, and were this done a hundred times, I would still love to die for your sake.\\\\\\\" The first to speak was his brother Abu al-Fadl, and then the Imam changed the subject and told them about the events of the next day, informing them that they all would be killed. All of them receive it as a great good news.