[ENGLISH e-Book] Al-Ghadir and its Relevance to ISLAMIC UNITY by Shaheed Ayatullah Mutahhari
Message of Thaqalayn
\"Al-Ghadir\" and its Relevance to Islamic Unity
________________________________________
Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari
Translated by Mojgan Jalali
Vol. 3,...
Message of Thaqalayn
\"Al-Ghadir\" and its Relevance to Islamic Unity
________________________________________
Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari
Translated by Mojgan Jalali
Vol. 3, No. 1 and 2 (1417 AH/1996 CE)
The distinguished book entitled \"al-Ghadir\" has raised a huge wave in the world of Islam. Islamic thinkers shed light on the book in different perspectives; in literature, history, theology, tradition, tafsir, and sociology. From the social perspective we can deal with the Islamic unity. In this review the Islamic unity has been dealt with from a social point of view.
Contemporary Muslim thinkers and reformists are of the view that unity and solidarity of Muslims are the most imperative Islamic exigencies at the present juncture when the enemies have made extensive inroads upon the Islamic community and have tried to resort to different ways and means to spread the old differences and create new ones. We are aware that Islamic unity and fraternity is the focus of attention of the Holy Legislator of Islam and is actually the major objective pursued by this Divine religion as firmed by the Qur\'an, the \"Sunnah\", and the history of Islam.
For this reason, some people have been faced with this question: Wouldn\'t the compilation and publication of a book such as \"al-Ghadir\" which deals with the oldest issue of differences among the Muslims- create a barrier in the way of the sublime and lofty objective of the Islamic unity?
To answer this question, it is necessary first to elucidate the essence of this issue, that is, the Islamic unity, and then proceed to examine the role of the magnum opus entitled \"al-Ghadir\"and its eminent compiler \'Allamah Amini in bringing about Islamic unity.
Islamic Unity
What is meant by the Islamic unity? Does it mean that one Islamic school of thought should be unanimously followed and others be set aside? Or does it mean that the commonalties of all Islamic schools of thought should be taken up and their differences be put away to make up a new denomination which is not completely the same as the previous ones? Or does it mean that Islamic unity is in no way related to the unity of the different schools of Fiqh (jurisprudence) but signifies the unity of the Muslims and the unity of the followers of different schools of Fiqh, with their different religious ideas and views, vis-a-vis the aliens?
To give an illogical and impractical meaning to the issue of the Islamic unity, the opponents of the issue have called it to be the formation of a single Madhhab, so as to defeat it in the very first step. Without doubt, by the term Islamic unity, the intellectual Islamic \'Ulama\' (scholars) do not mean that all denominations should give in to one denomination or that the commonalties should be taken up and the different views and ideas be set aside, as these are neither rational and logical nor favorable and practical. By the Islamic unity these scholars mean that all Muslims should unite in one line against their common enemies.
These scholars slate that Muslims have many things in common, which can serve as the foundations of a firm unity. All Muslims worship the One Almighty and believe in the Prophethood of the Holy Prophet (s). The Qur\'an is the Book of all Muslims and Ka\'abah is their \"qiblah\" (direction of prayer). They go to\"hajj\" pilgrimage with each other and perform the \"hajj\" rites and rituals like one another. They say the daily prayers and fast like each other. They establish families and engage in transactions like one another. They have similar ways of bringing up their children and burying their dead. Apart from minor affairs, they share similarities in all the aforementioned cases. Muslims also share one kind of world view, one common culture, and one grand, glorious, and long-standing civilization.
Unity in the world view, in culture, in the civilization, in insight and disposition, in religious beliefs, in acts of worship and prayers, in social rites and customs can well turn the Muslim into a unified nation to serve as a massive and dominant power before which the big global powers would have to bow down. This is especially true in view of the stress laid by Islam on this principle. According to the explicit wording of the Qur\'an, the Muslims are brothers, and special rights and duties link them together. So, why shouldn\'t the Muslims use all these extensive facilities accorded to them as the blessing of Islam?
This group of \'Ulama\' are of the view that there is no need for the Muslims to make any compromise on the primary or secondary principles of their religion for the sake of Islamic unity. Also it is not necessary for the Muslims to avoid engaging in discussions and reasons and writing books on primary and secondary principles about which they have differences. The only consideration for Islamic unity in this case is that the Muslims- in order to avoid the emergence or accentuation of vengeance - preserve their possession, avoid insulting and accusing each other and uttering fabrications, abandon ridiculing the logic of one another, and finally abstain from hurting one another and going beyond the borders of logic and reasoning. In fact, they should, at least, observe the limits which Islam has set forth for inviting non-Muslims to embrace it:
\"Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good exhortation, and have disputations with them in the best manner... \"(16: 125)
Some people are of the view that those schools of fiqh, such as, Shafi\'i and Hanafi which have no differences in principle should establish brotherhood and stand in one line. They believe that denominations which have differences in the principles can in no way be brothers. This group view the religious principles as an interconnected set as termed by scholars of Usul, as an interrelated and interdependent set; any damage to one principle harms all principles.
As a result, those who believe in this principle are of the view that when, for instance, the principle of \"imamah\" is damaged and victimized, unity and fraternity will bear no meaning and for this reason the Shi\'ah and the Sunnis cannot shake hands as two Muslim brothers and be in the same rank, no matter who their enemy is.
The first group answers this group by saying: \"There is no reason for us to consider the principles as an interrelated set and follow the principle of \"all or none\". Imam \'Ali (\'a) chose a very logical and reasonable approach. He left no stone unturned to retrieve his right. He used everything within his power to restore the principle of \"imamah\", but he never adhered to the motto of \"all or none\". \'Ali (\'a) did not rise up for his right, and that was not compulsory. On the contrary, it was a calculated and chosen approach. He did not fear death. Why didn\'t he rise up? There could have been nothing above martyrdom. Being killed for the cause of the Almighty was his ultimate desire. He was more intimate with martyrdom than a child is with his mother\'s breast. But in his sound calculations, Imam \'All (\'a) had reached the conclusion that under the existing conditions it was to the interest of Islam to foster collaboration and cooperation among the Muslims and give up revolt. He repeatedly stressed this point.
In one of his letters (No.62 \"Nahj al Balaghah\") to Malik al-Ashtar, he wrote the following:
\"First I pulled back my hand until I realized that a group of people converted from Islam and invited the people toward annihilating the religion of Muhammad(s). So I feared that if I did not rush to help Islam and the Muslims, I would see gaps or destruction which calamity would be far worse than the several-day-long demise of caliphate.\"
In the six-man council, after appointment of \'Uthman by \'Abdul-Rahman ibn \'Awf, \'Ali (\'a) set forth his objection as well as his readiness for collaboration as follows:\"
You well know that I am more deserving than others for caliphate. But now by Allah, so long as the affairs of the Muslims are in order and my rivals suffice with setting me aside and only I am alone subjected to oppression, I will not oppose (the move) and will give in (to it).\" (From Sermon 72, \"Nahj al- Balaghah\").
These indicate that in this issue \'Ali (\'a) condemned the principle of \"all or none\". There is no need to further elaborate the approach taken by \'Ali (\'a) toward this issue. There are ample historical proofs and reasons in this regard.
\'Allamah Amini
Now it is time to see to which group the eminent \'Allamah, Ayatullah Amini - the distinguished compiler of the \"al-Ghadir\" - belonged and how he thought. Did he approve of the unity of the Muslims only within the light of Shi\'ism? Or did he consider Islamic fraternity to be broader? Did he believe that Islam which is embraced by uttering the \"shahadatayn\" (the Muslim creed) would willy-nilly create some rights for the Muslims and that the brotherhood and fraternity set forth in the Qur\'an exists among all Muslims?
\'Allamah Amini personally considered this point - i.e. the need to elucidate his viewpoint on this subject and elaborate whether\"al-Ghadir\" has a positive or a negative role in (the establishment of) Islamic unity. In order not to be subject to abuse by his opponent - be they among the pros and cons - he has repeatedly explained and elucidated his views.
\'Allamah Amini supported Islamic unity and viewed an open mind and clear insight. On different occasions, he set forth this matter in various volumes of the \"al-Ghadir\'. Reference will be made to some of them below:
In the preface to volume I, he briefly mentions the role of \"al-Ghadir\" in the world of Islam. He states: \"And we consider all this as service to religion, sublimation of the word of the truth, and restoration of the Islamic \'ummah\' (community).\"
In volume 3 (page 77), after quoting the fabrications of Ibn Taymiyah, Alusi, and Qasimi to the effect that Shi \'ism is hostile to some of the Ahl al-Bayt (the Household of the Prophet) such as Zayd bin \'Ali bin al-Huseyn, he notes the following under the title of \"Criticism and Correction\":
\"These fabrications and accusations sow the seeds of corruption, stir hostilities among the \'ummah\',create discord among the Islamic community, divide the \'ummah\', and clash with the public interests of the Muslims.
Again in volume 3 (page 268), he quotes the accusation leveled on the Shi\'ahs by Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Rida to the effect that \"Shi\'ahs are pleased with any defeat incurred by Muslims, so much as they celebrated the victory of the Russians over the Muslims.\" Then he says:
\"These falsehoods are fabricated by persons like Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Rida. The Shi\'ahs of Iran and Iraq against whom this accusation is leveled, as well as the orientalists, tourists, envoys of Islamic countries, and those who traveled and still travel to Iran and Iraq, have no information about this trend. Shi\'ahs, without exception, respect the lives, blood, reputation, and property of the Muslims be they Shi\'ahs or Sunnis. Whenever a calamity has befallen the Islamic community anywhere, in any region, and for any sects, the Shi\'ahs have shared their sorrow. The Shi\'ahs have never been confined to the Shi\'ah world, the (concept of) Islamic brotherhood which has been set forth in the Qur\'an and the \'sunnah\'(the Prophet\'s sayings and actions), and in this respect, no discrimination has been made between the Shi\'ahs and the Sunnis.\"
Also at the close of volume 3, he criticizes several books penned by the ancients such as \"Iqd al-Farid\" by Ibn Abd al-Rabbih, \"al-Intisar\" by Abu al-Husayn Khayyat al-Mu\'tazili,\"al Farq bayn al-Firaq\" by Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi, \"al-Fasl\" by Ibn Hazm al-Andulusi, \"al-Milal wa al-Nihal\" by Muhammad ibn Abdul-Karim al-Shahristani \"Minhaj al-Sunnah\" by Ibn Taymiah and \"al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah\"by Ibn Kathir and several by the later writers such as \"Tarikh al-Umam al-Islamiyyah\" by Shaykh Muhammad Khizri, \"Fajr al Islam\" by Ahmad Amin, \"al-Jawlat fi Rubu al-Sharq al-Adna\" by Muhammad Thabit al-Mesri, \"al-Sira Bayn al-Islam wa al-Wathaniyah\" by Qasimi, and \"al- Washi\'ah\" by Musa Jarallah. Then he states the following:
\"By quoting and criticizing these books, we aim at warning and awakening the Islamic \'ummah\' (to the fact) that these books create the greatest danger for the Islamic community, they destabilize the Islamic unity and scatter the Muslim lines. In fact nothing can disrupt the ranks of the Muslims, destroy their unity, and tear their Islamic fraternity more severely than these books.\"
\'Allamah Amini, in the preface to volume 5, under title of\"Nazariyah Karimah\" on the occasion of a plaque of honor forwarded from Egypt for \"al-Ghadir\", clearly sets forth his view on this issue and leaves no room for any doubt. He remarks:
\"People are free to express views and ideas on religion. These (views and ideas) will never tear apart the bond of Islamic brotherhood to which the holy Qur\'an has referred by stating that \'surely the believers are brethren\'; even though academic discussion and theological and religious debates reach a peak. This has been the style of the predecessors, and of the \'sahaba\' and the\'tabi\'un\', at the head of them.
\"Notwithstanding all the differences that we have in the primary and secondary principles, we, the compilers and writers in nooks and corners of the world of Islam, share a common point and that is belief in the Almighty and His Prophet. A single spirit and one (form of) sentiment exists in all our bodies, and that is the spirit of Islam and the term\'ikhlas,\"
\"We, the Muslim compilers, all live under the banner of truth and carry out our duties under the guidance of the Qur\'an and the Prophetic Mission of the Holy Prophet (s). The message of all of us is \'Surely the (true) religion with Allah is Islam ... (3:18)\' and the slogan of all of us is \'There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger.\' Indeed, we are (the members of) the party of Allah and the supporters of his religion.
In the preface to volume 8, under the title of \"al-Ghadir Yowahhad al-Sufuf fil-Mila al-Islami\", \'Allamah Amini directly makes researches into the role of \"Al- Ghadir\" in (the establishment of) Islamic unity. In this discussion, this great scholar categorically rejects the accusations leveled by those who said: \'Al-Ghadir\' causes greater discord among the Muslims. He proves that, on the contrary, \"Al-Ghadir\"removes many misunderstandings and brings the Muslims closer to one another. Then he brings evidence by mentioning the confessions of the non-Shi\'i Islamic scholars. At the close, he quotes the letter of Shaykh Muhammad Saeed Dahduh written in this connection.
To avoid prolongation of this article, we will not quote and translate the entire statements of \'Allamah Amini in explaining the positive role of \"al-Ghadir\" in (establishing) Islamic unity, since what has already been mentioned sufficiently proves this fact.
The positive role of \"al-Ghadir\" is established by the facts that it firstly clarifies the proven logic of the Shi\'ahs and proves that the inclination of Muslims to Shi\'ism - notwithstanding the poisonous publicity of some people - is not due to political, ethnic, or other trends and considerations. It also verifies that a powerful logic based on the Qur\'an and the \"sunnah\" has given rise to this tendency.
Secondly, it reflects that some accusations leveled on Shi\'ism - which have made other Muslims distanced from the Shi\'ah- are totally baseless and false. Examples of these accusations are the notion that the Shi\'ites prefer the non-Muslims to the non- Shi\'i Muslims, rejoice at the defeat of non-Shi\'ite Muslims at the hands of non-Muslims, and other accusations such as the idea that instead of going to hajj pilgrimage, the Shi\'ahs go on pilgrimage to shrines of the Imams, or have particular rites in prayers and in temporary marriage.
Thirdly, it introduces to the world of Islam the eminent Commander of the faithful \'Ali (\'a) who is the most oppressed and the least praised grand Islamic personality and who could be the leader of all Muslims, as well as his pure offspring.
Other Comments on \"al-Ghadir\"
Many unbiased non-Shia Muslims interpret the \"al-Ghadir\" in the same way that has already been mentioned.
Muhammad Abdul-Ghani Hasan al-Mesri, in his foreword on\"al-Ghadir\", which has been published in the preface to volume I, second edition, states:
\"I call on the Almighty to make your limpid brook (in Arabic, \'Ghadir\' means brook) the cause of peace and cordiality between the Shia and Sunni brothers to cooperate with one another in building the Islamic \"ummah.\"
\'Adil Ghadban, the managing editor of the Egyptian magazine entitled \"al-Kitab\", said the following in the preface to volume 3:
\"This book clarifies the Shi\'ite logic. The Sunnis can correctly learn about the Shi\'i through this book. Correct recognition of the Shi\'ahs brings the views of the Shi\'ahs and the Sunnis closer, and they can make a unified rank\".
In his foreword to the \"al-Ghadir\" which was published in thepreface to volume 4, Dr. Muhammad Ghallab, professor of philosophy at the Faculty of Religious Studies al-Azhar University said:
\"I got hold of your book at a very opportune time, because right now I am busy collecting and compiling a book on the lives of the Muslims from various perspectives. Therefore, I am highly avidfor obtaining sound information about \'Imamiyah\' Shi\'ism. Your book will help me. And I will not make mistakes about the Shi\'ahs as others have\".
In this foreword published in the preface to volume 4 of the\"al-Ghadir\", Dr. \'Abdul-Rahman Kiali Halabi says the following after referring to the decline of the Muslims in the present age and the factors which can lead to the Muslims\' salvation, one of which is the sound recognition of the successor of the Holy Prophet (s):
\"The book entitled \"al-Ghadir\" and its rich content deserves to be known by every Muslim to learn how historians have been negligent and see where the truth lies. Through this means, we should compensate for the past, and by striving to foster the unity of the Muslims, we should try to gain the due rewards\".
These were the views of \'Allamah Amini about the important social issues of our age and such were his sound reflections in the world of Islam.
Peace be upon him.
Text Source: http://www.al-islam.org/mot/default.asp?url=ghadir-relevance.htm
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Message of Thaqalayn
\"Al-Ghadir\" and its Relevance to Islamic Unity
________________________________________
Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari
Translated by Mojgan Jalali
Vol. 3, No. 1 and 2 (1417 AH/1996 CE)
The distinguished book entitled \"al-Ghadir\" has raised a huge wave in the world of Islam. Islamic thinkers shed light on the book in different perspectives; in literature, history, theology, tradition, tafsir, and sociology. From the social perspective we can deal with the Islamic unity. In this review the Islamic unity has been dealt with from a social point of view.
Contemporary Muslim thinkers and reformists are of the view that unity and solidarity of Muslims are the most imperative Islamic exigencies at the present juncture when the enemies have made extensive inroads upon the Islamic community and have tried to resort to different ways and means to spread the old differences and create new ones. We are aware that Islamic unity and fraternity is the focus of attention of the Holy Legislator of Islam and is actually the major objective pursued by this Divine religion as firmed by the Qur\'an, the \"Sunnah\", and the history of Islam.
For this reason, some people have been faced with this question: Wouldn\'t the compilation and publication of a book such as \"al-Ghadir\" which deals with the oldest issue of differences among the Muslims- create a barrier in the way of the sublime and lofty objective of the Islamic unity?
To answer this question, it is necessary first to elucidate the essence of this issue, that is, the Islamic unity, and then proceed to examine the role of the magnum opus entitled \"al-Ghadir\"and its eminent compiler \'Allamah Amini in bringing about Islamic unity.
Islamic Unity
What is meant by the Islamic unity? Does it mean that one Islamic school of thought should be unanimously followed and others be set aside? Or does it mean that the commonalties of all Islamic schools of thought should be taken up and their differences be put away to make up a new denomination which is not completely the same as the previous ones? Or does it mean that Islamic unity is in no way related to the unity of the different schools of Fiqh (jurisprudence) but signifies the unity of the Muslims and the unity of the followers of different schools of Fiqh, with their different religious ideas and views, vis-a-vis the aliens?
To give an illogical and impractical meaning to the issue of the Islamic unity, the opponents of the issue have called it to be the formation of a single Madhhab, so as to defeat it in the very first step. Without doubt, by the term Islamic unity, the intellectual Islamic \'Ulama\' (scholars) do not mean that all denominations should give in to one denomination or that the commonalties should be taken up and the different views and ideas be set aside, as these are neither rational and logical nor favorable and practical. By the Islamic unity these scholars mean that all Muslims should unite in one line against their common enemies.
These scholars slate that Muslims have many things in common, which can serve as the foundations of a firm unity. All Muslims worship the One Almighty and believe in the Prophethood of the Holy Prophet (s). The Qur\'an is the Book of all Muslims and Ka\'abah is their \"qiblah\" (direction of prayer). They go to\"hajj\" pilgrimage with each other and perform the \"hajj\" rites and rituals like one another. They say the daily prayers and fast like each other. They establish families and engage in transactions like one another. They have similar ways of bringing up their children and burying their dead. Apart from minor affairs, they share similarities in all the aforementioned cases. Muslims also share one kind of world view, one common culture, and one grand, glorious, and long-standing civilization.
Unity in the world view, in culture, in the civilization, in insight and disposition, in religious beliefs, in acts of worship and prayers, in social rites and customs can well turn the Muslim into a unified nation to serve as a massive and dominant power before which the big global powers would have to bow down. This is especially true in view of the stress laid by Islam on this principle. According to the explicit wording of the Qur\'an, the Muslims are brothers, and special rights and duties link them together. So, why shouldn\'t the Muslims use all these extensive facilities accorded to them as the blessing of Islam?
This group of \'Ulama\' are of the view that there is no need for the Muslims to make any compromise on the primary or secondary principles of their religion for the sake of Islamic unity. Also it is not necessary for the Muslims to avoid engaging in discussions and reasons and writing books on primary and secondary principles about which they have differences. The only consideration for Islamic unity in this case is that the Muslims- in order to avoid the emergence or accentuation of vengeance - preserve their possession, avoid insulting and accusing each other and uttering fabrications, abandon ridiculing the logic of one another, and finally abstain from hurting one another and going beyond the borders of logic and reasoning. In fact, they should, at least, observe the limits which Islam has set forth for inviting non-Muslims to embrace it:
\"Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good exhortation, and have disputations with them in the best manner... \"(16: 125)
Some people are of the view that those schools of fiqh, such as, Shafi\'i and Hanafi which have no differences in principle should establish brotherhood and stand in one line. They believe that denominations which have differences in the principles can in no way be brothers. This group view the religious principles as an interconnected set as termed by scholars of Usul, as an interrelated and interdependent set; any damage to one principle harms all principles.
As a result, those who believe in this principle are of the view that when, for instance, the principle of \"imamah\" is damaged and victimized, unity and fraternity will bear no meaning and for this reason the Shi\'ah and the Sunnis cannot shake hands as two Muslim brothers and be in the same rank, no matter who their enemy is.
The first group answers this group by saying: \"There is no reason for us to consider the principles as an interrelated set and follow the principle of \"all or none\". Imam \'Ali (\'a) chose a very logical and reasonable approach. He left no stone unturned to retrieve his right. He used everything within his power to restore the principle of \"imamah\", but he never adhered to the motto of \"all or none\". \'Ali (\'a) did not rise up for his right, and that was not compulsory. On the contrary, it was a calculated and chosen approach. He did not fear death. Why didn\'t he rise up? There could have been nothing above martyrdom. Being killed for the cause of the Almighty was his ultimate desire. He was more intimate with martyrdom than a child is with his mother\'s breast. But in his sound calculations, Imam \'All (\'a) had reached the conclusion that under the existing conditions it was to the interest of Islam to foster collaboration and cooperation among the Muslims and give up revolt. He repeatedly stressed this point.
In one of his letters (No.62 \"Nahj al Balaghah\") to Malik al-Ashtar, he wrote the following:
\"First I pulled back my hand until I realized that a group of people converted from Islam and invited the people toward annihilating the religion of Muhammad(s). So I feared that if I did not rush to help Islam and the Muslims, I would see gaps or destruction which calamity would be far worse than the several-day-long demise of caliphate.\"
In the six-man council, after appointment of \'Uthman by \'Abdul-Rahman ibn \'Awf, \'Ali (\'a) set forth his objection as well as his readiness for collaboration as follows:\"
You well know that I am more deserving than others for caliphate. But now by Allah, so long as the affairs of the Muslims are in order and my rivals suffice with setting me aside and only I am alone subjected to oppression, I will not oppose (the move) and will give in (to it).\" (From Sermon 72, \"Nahj al- Balaghah\").
These indicate that in this issue \'Ali (\'a) condemned the principle of \"all or none\". There is no need to further elaborate the approach taken by \'Ali (\'a) toward this issue. There are ample historical proofs and reasons in this regard.
\'Allamah Amini
Now it is time to see to which group the eminent \'Allamah, Ayatullah Amini - the distinguished compiler of the \"al-Ghadir\" - belonged and how he thought. Did he approve of the unity of the Muslims only within the light of Shi\'ism? Or did he consider Islamic fraternity to be broader? Did he believe that Islam which is embraced by uttering the \"shahadatayn\" (the Muslim creed) would willy-nilly create some rights for the Muslims and that the brotherhood and fraternity set forth in the Qur\'an exists among all Muslims?
\'Allamah Amini personally considered this point - i.e. the need to elucidate his viewpoint on this subject and elaborate whether\"al-Ghadir\" has a positive or a negative role in (the establishment of) Islamic unity. In order not to be subject to abuse by his opponent - be they among the pros and cons - he has repeatedly explained and elucidated his views.
\'Allamah Amini supported Islamic unity and viewed an open mind and clear insight. On different occasions, he set forth this matter in various volumes of the \"al-Ghadir\'. Reference will be made to some of them below:
In the preface to volume I, he briefly mentions the role of \"al-Ghadir\" in the world of Islam. He states: \"And we consider all this as service to religion, sublimation of the word of the truth, and restoration of the Islamic \'ummah\' (community).\"
In volume 3 (page 77), after quoting the fabrications of Ibn Taymiyah, Alusi, and Qasimi to the effect that Shi \'ism is hostile to some of the Ahl al-Bayt (the Household of the Prophet) such as Zayd bin \'Ali bin al-Huseyn, he notes the following under the title of \"Criticism and Correction\":
\"These fabrications and accusations sow the seeds of corruption, stir hostilities among the \'ummah\',create discord among the Islamic community, divide the \'ummah\', and clash with the public interests of the Muslims.
Again in volume 3 (page 268), he quotes the accusation leveled on the Shi\'ahs by Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Rida to the effect that \"Shi\'ahs are pleased with any defeat incurred by Muslims, so much as they celebrated the victory of the Russians over the Muslims.\" Then he says:
\"These falsehoods are fabricated by persons like Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Rida. The Shi\'ahs of Iran and Iraq against whom this accusation is leveled, as well as the orientalists, tourists, envoys of Islamic countries, and those who traveled and still travel to Iran and Iraq, have no information about this trend. Shi\'ahs, without exception, respect the lives, blood, reputation, and property of the Muslims be they Shi\'ahs or Sunnis. Whenever a calamity has befallen the Islamic community anywhere, in any region, and for any sects, the Shi\'ahs have shared their sorrow. The Shi\'ahs have never been confined to the Shi\'ah world, the (concept of) Islamic brotherhood which has been set forth in the Qur\'an and the \'sunnah\'(the Prophet\'s sayings and actions), and in this respect, no discrimination has been made between the Shi\'ahs and the Sunnis.\"
Also at the close of volume 3, he criticizes several books penned by the ancients such as \"Iqd al-Farid\" by Ibn Abd al-Rabbih, \"al-Intisar\" by Abu al-Husayn Khayyat al-Mu\'tazili,\"al Farq bayn al-Firaq\" by Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi, \"al-Fasl\" by Ibn Hazm al-Andulusi, \"al-Milal wa al-Nihal\" by Muhammad ibn Abdul-Karim al-Shahristani \"Minhaj al-Sunnah\" by Ibn Taymiah and \"al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah\"by Ibn Kathir and several by the later writers such as \"Tarikh al-Umam al-Islamiyyah\" by Shaykh Muhammad Khizri, \"Fajr al Islam\" by Ahmad Amin, \"al-Jawlat fi Rubu al-Sharq al-Adna\" by Muhammad Thabit al-Mesri, \"al-Sira Bayn al-Islam wa al-Wathaniyah\" by Qasimi, and \"al- Washi\'ah\" by Musa Jarallah. Then he states the following:
\"By quoting and criticizing these books, we aim at warning and awakening the Islamic \'ummah\' (to the fact) that these books create the greatest danger for the Islamic community, they destabilize the Islamic unity and scatter the Muslim lines. In fact nothing can disrupt the ranks of the Muslims, destroy their unity, and tear their Islamic fraternity more severely than these books.\"
\'Allamah Amini, in the preface to volume 5, under title of\"Nazariyah Karimah\" on the occasion of a plaque of honor forwarded from Egypt for \"al-Ghadir\", clearly sets forth his view on this issue and leaves no room for any doubt. He remarks:
\"People are free to express views and ideas on religion. These (views and ideas) will never tear apart the bond of Islamic brotherhood to which the holy Qur\'an has referred by stating that \'surely the believers are brethren\'; even though academic discussion and theological and religious debates reach a peak. This has been the style of the predecessors, and of the \'sahaba\' and the\'tabi\'un\', at the head of them.
\"Notwithstanding all the differences that we have in the primary and secondary principles, we, the compilers and writers in nooks and corners of the world of Islam, share a common point and that is belief in the Almighty and His Prophet. A single spirit and one (form of) sentiment exists in all our bodies, and that is the spirit of Islam and the term\'ikhlas,\"
\"We, the Muslim compilers, all live under the banner of truth and carry out our duties under the guidance of the Qur\'an and the Prophetic Mission of the Holy Prophet (s). The message of all of us is \'Surely the (true) religion with Allah is Islam ... (3:18)\' and the slogan of all of us is \'There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger.\' Indeed, we are (the members of) the party of Allah and the supporters of his religion.
In the preface to volume 8, under the title of \"al-Ghadir Yowahhad al-Sufuf fil-Mila al-Islami\", \'Allamah Amini directly makes researches into the role of \"Al- Ghadir\" in (the establishment of) Islamic unity. In this discussion, this great scholar categorically rejects the accusations leveled by those who said: \'Al-Ghadir\' causes greater discord among the Muslims. He proves that, on the contrary, \"Al-Ghadir\"removes many misunderstandings and brings the Muslims closer to one another. Then he brings evidence by mentioning the confessions of the non-Shi\'i Islamic scholars. At the close, he quotes the letter of Shaykh Muhammad Saeed Dahduh written in this connection.
To avoid prolongation of this article, we will not quote and translate the entire statements of \'Allamah Amini in explaining the positive role of \"al-Ghadir\" in (establishing) Islamic unity, since what has already been mentioned sufficiently proves this fact.
The positive role of \"al-Ghadir\" is established by the facts that it firstly clarifies the proven logic of the Shi\'ahs and proves that the inclination of Muslims to Shi\'ism - notwithstanding the poisonous publicity of some people - is not due to political, ethnic, or other trends and considerations. It also verifies that a powerful logic based on the Qur\'an and the \"sunnah\" has given rise to this tendency.
Secondly, it reflects that some accusations leveled on Shi\'ism - which have made other Muslims distanced from the Shi\'ah- are totally baseless and false. Examples of these accusations are the notion that the Shi\'ites prefer the non-Muslims to the non- Shi\'i Muslims, rejoice at the defeat of non-Shi\'ite Muslims at the hands of non-Muslims, and other accusations such as the idea that instead of going to hajj pilgrimage, the Shi\'ahs go on pilgrimage to shrines of the Imams, or have particular rites in prayers and in temporary marriage.
Thirdly, it introduces to the world of Islam the eminent Commander of the faithful \'Ali (\'a) who is the most oppressed and the least praised grand Islamic personality and who could be the leader of all Muslims, as well as his pure offspring.
Other Comments on \"al-Ghadir\"
Many unbiased non-Shia Muslims interpret the \"al-Ghadir\" in the same way that has already been mentioned.
Muhammad Abdul-Ghani Hasan al-Mesri, in his foreword on\"al-Ghadir\", which has been published in the preface to volume I, second edition, states:
\"I call on the Almighty to make your limpid brook (in Arabic, \'Ghadir\' means brook) the cause of peace and cordiality between the Shia and Sunni brothers to cooperate with one another in building the Islamic \"ummah.\"
\'Adil Ghadban, the managing editor of the Egyptian magazine entitled \"al-Kitab\", said the following in the preface to volume 3:
\"This book clarifies the Shi\'ite logic. The Sunnis can correctly learn about the Shi\'i through this book. Correct recognition of the Shi\'ahs brings the views of the Shi\'ahs and the Sunnis closer, and they can make a unified rank\".
In his foreword to the \"al-Ghadir\" which was published in thepreface to volume 4, Dr. Muhammad Ghallab, professor of philosophy at the Faculty of Religious Studies al-Azhar University said:
\"I got hold of your book at a very opportune time, because right now I am busy collecting and compiling a book on the lives of the Muslims from various perspectives. Therefore, I am highly avidfor obtaining sound information about \'Imamiyah\' Shi\'ism. Your book will help me. And I will not make mistakes about the Shi\'ahs as others have\".
In this foreword published in the preface to volume 4 of the\"al-Ghadir\", Dr. \'Abdul-Rahman Kiali Halabi says the following after referring to the decline of the Muslims in the present age and the factors which can lead to the Muslims\' salvation, one of which is the sound recognition of the successor of the Holy Prophet (s):
\"The book entitled \"al-Ghadir\" and its rich content deserves to be known by every Muslim to learn how historians have been negligent and see where the truth lies. Through this means, we should compensate for the past, and by striving to foster the unity of the Muslims, we should try to gain the due rewards\".
These were the views of \'Allamah Amini about the important social issues of our age and such were his sound reflections in the world of Islam.
Peace be upon him.
Text Source: http://www.al-islam.org/mot/default.asp?url=ghadir-relevance.htm
اقشار نمونه بسیج سراسر كشور Vali Amr Muslimeen speech to Basij - Farsi
بيانات در دیدار اقشار نمونه بسیج سراسر كشور
بسماللهالرّحمنالرّحيم
الحمد لله ربّ العالمين و...
بيانات در دیدار اقشار نمونه بسیج سراسر كشور
بسماللهالرّحمنالرّحيم
الحمد لله ربّ العالمين و الصّلاة و السّلام على سيّدنا محمّد و ءاله الطّاهرين سيّما بقيّةالله فى الأرضين.
خداوند متعال را سپاسگزارم براى توفيق حضور در اين ديدار باشكوه و بسيار خوب. از برادران و خواهرانى كه در اطراف ميدان ايستادهاند، خواهش ميكنم بنشينند تا بتوانيم بحث كنيم.
امروز مقارن با اول محرم است. تناسبى هست ميان هويت و حقيقت بسيج با هويت محرم و عاشورا. بسيج افتخار دارد كه پيرو مكتب عاشوراست. البته عاشورا اوج فداكارى و ايثار است. همهى تاريخ، همهى عالم، مسئلهى عاشورا و حسينبنعلى (عليهالسّلام) و اصحاب وفادار او را با اين خصوصيت شناختهاند؛ فداكارى، ايثار در راه خدا و در راه تحقق اهداف الهى؛ ليكن مسئلهى عاشورا فقط اين نيست. بله، برجستهترين و نمايانترين خصوصيت عاشورا، همين فداكارى و شهادت است؛ ولى در ماجراى عاشورا حقايق ديگرى هم وجود دارد. از آغاز حركت از مدينه، بذر معرفت پاشيده شد - اين يكى از خصوصيات حادثهى عاشوراست - بذر بصيرت پاشيده شد. اگر مردمى، امتى از بصيرت برخوردار نباشند، حقايق گوناگون، كار آنها را اصلاح نخواهد كرد؛ گره از مشكلات آنها گشوده نخواهد شد. بنابراين اخلاص، موقعشناسى، پاشيدن بذر يك حركت فزايندهى تاريخى، از خصوصيات مهم عاشوراست. ماجرا فقط در ظهر عاشورا تمام نشد؛ در واقع از ظهر عاشورا يك جريانى در تاريخ شروع شد، كه همچنان رو به افزايش و گسترش است. بعد از اين هم همين خواهد بود. امام حسين (عليهالسّلام) براى اعلاى كلمهى حق و براى نجات خلق، همهى داشتههاى خود را به ميدان آورد. اين برخى از خصوصياتى است كه انسان به طور كلى در ماجراى عاشورا ميتواند ببيند و نشان بدهد.
بسيج، همين راه است؛ همين حركت است؛ همين هدفهاست؛ همين ابزارها و وسيلههاست. بسيج، جمع فداكارى از مردمند، براى مردم؛ تشكيل يك مجموعهاى در حركت عظيم يك ملت مجاهد. حضور در دفاع، حضور در علم، حضور در هنر، حضور در سازندگى، حضور در سياست، در فرهنگ، در كمك به مستضعفان، در كمك به درماندگان، در توليد، در فناورى، در پيشبرد مسائل گوناگون كشور، در ورزش، در درخششهاى بينالمللى، در هر كار خير؛ اين حركت بسيج است؛ حركتى مردمى، براى مردم، در دل مردم، از خود مردم، از همهى قشرها، زنان، مردان، جوانان، پيران، نوجوانان، از اصناف گوناگون؛ يعنى تشكيل يك مجموعهى حزبالله واقعى.
بسيج سياسى است، اما سياستزده نيست، سياسىكار نيست، جناحى نيست؛ بسيج مجاهد است، اما بىانضباط نيست، افراطى نيست؛ بسيج عميقاً متدين و متعبد است، اما متحجر نيست، خرافى نيست؛ بسيج بابصيرت است، اما ازخودراضى نيست؛ بسيج اهل جذب است - گفتهايم جذب حداكثرى - اما اهل تسامح در اصول نيست؛ بسيج غيور است، پاسدار خطوط فاصل است؛ بسيج طرفدار علم است، اما علمزده نيست؛ بسيج متخلق به اخلاق اسلامى است، اما رياكار نيست؛ بسيج در كار آبادكردن دنياست، اما خود اهل دنيا نيست. اين شد يك فرهنگ.
فرهنگ بسيجى يعنى آن مجموعهى معرفتها و روشها و منشهائى كه ميتواند مجموعههاى عظيمى را در ملت به وجود بياورد كه تضمينكنندهى حركت مستقيم و پايدار اسلامى آن ملت باشند. اين يك تفكر است؛ در ذهن هم نيست، در خارج و در عينيت وجود دارد. حركت بسيجى، سرنوشت ايران را، بلكه سرنوشت فراتر از ايران را تغيير داد، تعيين كرد. از روز اول، بسيجيان امام ما در ميدانهاى گوناگون انقلاب تا پيروزى انقلاب و تا پس از انقلاب حركتى كردند كه ماندگار شد، الگو شد، يادگار ملت ايران در عرصهى تاريخ شد. امروز جوانان نيويورك و كاليفرنيا هم شعارهاى مردم مصر و تونس را تكرار ميكنند، از آنها الهام ميگيرند؛ انكار هم نميكنند. جوانان مصر و تونس هم از حزبالله و حماس و جهاد اسلامى الهام گرفتهاند و فرا گرفتهاند و پنهان نكردند. و معلم اول در عصر جديد، بسيجىِ امام بزرگوار ما بود؛ كه همه از بسيجىِ امام بزرگوار فراگرفتند و از جانبازان و سربازان و فداكاران اين انقلاب ياد گرفتند كه چگونه ميتوان اسطورههاى قدرت مادى را شكست، چگونه ميتوان به نام خدا بتها را شكست، چگونه ميتوان ايستاد، چگونه ميتوان مقاومت كرد.
اينها حقايقى است كه امروز وجود بسيج، عينيت بسيج، حركت بسيج، هدفهاى بسيج، ما را به اين حقايق آشنا ميكند. انقلاب اسلامى و ملت انقلابى با يك چنين فرهنگى، با يك چنين آموزههائى، با يك چنين روحيهاى، توانست بسيارى از ناممكنها را ممكن كند، محقق كند؛ و اين حركت ادامه خواهد داشت. دشمنىِ دشمنان نميتواند تأثيرى بگذارد. البته دشمن، دشمنى ميكند - در اين ترديدى نبايد داشت، انتظارى هم جز اين از دشمن نبايد داشت - منتها ما وقتى حركت عظيم ملت ايران را از آغاز اين انقلاب، اين حركت، اين نهضت عمومى تا امروز مشاهده ميكنيم، مىبينيم يك خط سير مشخصى دارد. ملت ايران به سمت پيش حركت ميكند، به سمت اوج حركت ميكند، در ميدانهاى گوناگون بر چالشهاى گوناگون غلبه پيدا ميكند؛ و دشمنان در همين مقابله و مواجهه عقبنشينى ميكنند، كوتاه مىآيند؛ ناچارند. با اين حركت، سرنوشت ملت ايران، پيروزىِ قطعى است.
امروز در سرتاسر منطقهى اسلامى و منطقهى عربى، حركتهاى اسلامى و جوششهاى اسلامى مشاهده ميشود؛ اين همان چيزى است كه سى سال كسانى كه با حقيقت انقلاب آشنا بودند، انتظارش را داشتند و دشمنان انقلاب سى سال از تصور چنين چيزى به خود ميلرزيدند؛ واهمه و وحشت حوادثى را داشتند كه امروز اتفاق افتاده است. طراحان توطئههاى عليه انقلاب اسلامى پيشبينى ميكردند كه يك چنين حوادثى پيش خواهد آمد؛ و پيش آمد، و اين پيش خواهد رفت و متوقف نخواهد شد.
امروز ملتهاى مسلمان در منطقهى عربى سر بلند كردهاند، آگاه شدهاند، بيدار شدهاند. دشمنان نميتوانند آنها را سركوب كنند و نميتوانند راه را منحرف كنند. حركت به جريان افتاده است و وضع دنيا را تحت تأثير قرار داده است. همين حركتهائى كه امروز شما در دنياى غرب، در آمريكا و در اروپا مشاهده ميكنيد، نشان دهندهى تغييرات عظيمى است كه آيندهى دنيا شاهد اين تغييرات خواهد بود.
ما از عكسالعمل دشمنان تعجب نميكنيم؛ از تهديدهائى كه ميشود، از تحريمى كه ميكنند، از آنچه كه كشورهاى استكبارى در اين دوره در مواجههى با نظام جمهورى اسلامى انجام ميدهند، تعجب نميكنيم. آنها ميدانند كه كانون اين حركت، جمهورى اسلامى بود و ايستادگى ملت ايران است كه توانسته است اين روحيه را در منطقه بگستراند كه ميشود در مقابل هيمنهى استكبار ايستاد. استكبار پيشرفت كار خودش را همواره از راه مرعوب كردنها - ملتها را مرعوب ميكردند، سران كشورها را مرعوب ميكردند - پيش برده است. وقتى اين پردهى رعب بشكند، وقتى ملتها بدانند كه اين هيمنه، هيمنهى حقيقى و واقعى نيست و صورى و ظاهرى است، اين سلاح از دست استكبار گرفته خواهد شد. و امروز اينجور شده است. لذا خشمگينند، عصبانىاند، روى جمهورى اسلامى فشار وارد ميكنند.
البته اين كه جمهورى اسلامى را متهم كنند كه اين حركات را راه انداخته، غلط است؛ اين يك تهمت بيجا و بيموردى است؛ احتياجى به اين كار نيست. نظام اسلامى با بقاء خود، با ايستادگى خود، با صدق خود در اين راه - كه ملت ايران نشان داد در اين راه صادق است - الهامبخش بوده است و اين الهامبخشى وجود دارد. ملتها بيدار شدهاند و راه خود را پيدا كردهاند. دشمنان هم دشمنى ميكنند. البته اين دشمنىها چالشهائى را ايجاد ميكند. ملت ايران به مواجههى با اين چالشها عادت كرده است و ما انشاءالله بر همهى چالشهائى كه دشمنان به وجود مىآورند، غلبه خواهيم كرد و پيروز خواهيم شد و خداى متعال براى ملت ايران و در نهايت براى امت اسلامى و استقرار حقايق نورانى اسلام در عالم، اين پيروزى را مقدر فرموده است.
اميدواريم خداوند متعال توفيق تداوم در اين راه را به همهى ملت عزيز ما، به جوانان عزيز بسيجى ما، به همهى جوانان اين كشور و به مسئولان مرحمت كند. همه بدانند كه در اين زمينهها مسئولند؛ هم مسئولان كشور، هم قشرهاى گوناگون. مردم در ميدان حاضرند. آمادگى مردم در قضاياى گوناگون، آمادگى كامل است. مسئولان هم بايد قدر اين ملت را و اين آمادگى را بدانند و وظائف خود را، كارهائى را كه بر دوش آنهاست، به بهترين وجهى در قواى سهگانه انجام بدهند و ملت با انسجام پيش برود.
اين حركتهاى اسلامى در اطراف دنياى اسلام هم بلاشك حركتهاى ماندگارى است، حركتهاى پيشروندهاى است. ملتها يكى پس از ديگرى بيدار ميشوند. دستنشاندگان استكبار، يكى پس از ديگرى از عرصه و صحنه خارج خواهند شد و انشاءالله روزبهروز شوكت اسلام و اقتدار اسلام بيشتر خواهد شد.
پروردگارا! ما را لايق اين نعمتهاى بزرگ قرار بده؛ ما را شاكر اين نعمتهاى بزرگ قرار بده. پروردگارا! دلهاى ما را به نور محبت و معرفتِ خودت و اوليائت منور بگردان؛ دعاى بقيّةالله (ارواحنا فداه) را شامل حال ما بفرما.
والسّلام عليكم و رحمةالله و بركاته
Supreme Leader’s Speech to Basijis
28/11/2011
The following is the full text of the speech delivered on November 28, 2011 by Ayatollah Khamenei the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution to a group of basijis from different parts of the country.
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and peace and greetings upon our Master, Muhammad, and upon his immaculate household, especially the one remaining with Allah on earth.
I am grateful to Allah the Exalted who gave me the opportunity to attend this glorious and excellent meeting. I would like to ask the brothers and sisters who are standing around the square to sit down so that we can have a discussion.
Today has coincided with the first day of the month of Muharram. The identity and nature of Basij are in harmony with the identity of Muharram and Ashura. Basij is proud of being a follower of the school of Ashura. Of course Ashura is the peak of self-sacrifice. The issue of Ashura and what happened to Hussein ibn Ali (a.s.) and his loyal companions have been identified in the entire history and the entire world with self-sacrifice and selfless efforts in the way of God and for a divine cause. But the issue of Ashura is not limited to this. Yes, self-sacrifice and martyrdom are the most prominent and significant aspect of Ashura, but there are also other truths in Ashura. From the beginning of the movement in Medina, the seeds of knowledge and insight were sowed: this is one of the characteristics of the event that happened on Ashura. If a people lack insight, different things will not help them improve their conditions and solve their problems. Therefore, purity, identifying the opportunities, sowing the seeds of a growing historical movement - these are among the important characteristics of Ashura. The event did not end on the noon of Ashura. In fact a movement started in history from the noon of Ashura, a movement whose scope is still widening and expanding and it will continue expanding in the future as well. Imam Hussein (a.s.) brought whatever he had into the arena in order to promote the word of God and save mankind. These are some of the characteristics that one can identify in the event that happened on Ashura.
Basij is following the same path. It is continuing the same movement. It is pursuing the same goals. It is using the same tools and means. Basij is from among the people and it was established for the sake of the people. It was established in order to further the great movement of a mujahid nation. Basij is present in defense, science, art, construction of the country, politics, culture, helping oppressed and helpless people, production, technology, furthering different affairs of the country, sports, international arenas and all righteous actions. This is the movement of Basij: a popular movement for the people, in the hearts of the people, from among the people, from among different social classes, from among women and men - young and old - from different professions. That is to say, an organization was established which was hezbollahi in the real sense of the word.
Basij is political in nature, but it is not intoxicated by political and partisan activities. Basij is a mujahid organization, but it is not without discipline. It is not radical. Basij is deeply pious and religious, but it is not rigid and superstitious. Basij is insightful, but it is not self-centered. Basij is inclusive - and I have recommended maximum inclusion - but it will not compromise principles. Basij is brave. It is the guardian of principles. Basij is a supporter of science, but it is not intoxicated with science. Basij enjoys Islamic characteristics and it is not hypocritical. Basij is involved in improving the world, but it does not have materialistic tendencies. And this is a culture.
The basiji culture includes the knowledge, methods and behaviors which can give rise to great things that guarantee the permanent Islamic movement of a nation on a straight path. This is a school of thought and it is not just an abstract concept: it has a manifestation in the real world. The movement of Basij changed the destiny of Iran and it even went beyond changing the destiny of Iran. From the first day, basijis continued their activities in different revolutionary arenas before and after the Revolution and their movement became permanent. It became a model. It went down in history in the name of the Iranian nation. Today the youth of New York and California are repeating the slogans of the people of Egypt and Tunisia. They are inspired by these nations and they do not deny this. And the youth of Egypt and Tunisia were inspired by Hezbollah, Hamas and Islamic Jihad and they did not hide this. Basijis who were deployed by our magnanimous Imam (r.a.) started this inspiration in the modern world. Everybody learnt how to defeat the icons of materialistic power from our Imam\'s basijis and from our disabled war veterans, soldiers and selfless people. They learnt how to break idols in the name of God. They leant how to stand firm and how to resist.
Today the existence, movement and goals of Basij make us familiar with these truths. By relying on this culture, these teachings and this spirit, the Islamic Revolution and the revolutionary Iranian nation managed to accomplish many things which were considered impossible and this movement will continue. The hostility of the enemies cannot affect this. Of course the enemy will continue its hostility. We must not have any doubts in this regard. In fact an enemy should not be expected to behave otherwise. However, when we consider the great movement of the Iranian nation from the beginning of the Revolution to the present day, we see that there is a clear path. The Iranian nation is moving forward. It is moving towards the peak. It continues overcoming different challenges in different arenas and the enemies are forced to back down in this confrontation. With this movement, the Iranian nation will definitely achieve victory.
Today Islamic movements and uprisings are being witnessed throughout Islamic and Arab regions. This is exactly what has been expected since thirty years ago by those who were familiar with the nature of the Revolution. And in anticipation of such a thing, the enemies of the Revolution were trembling with fear for thirty years. They lived in fear of the events that have already happened today. Those who were hatching plots against the Islamic Revolution predicted such events and they happened. These events will continue and they will not stop.
Today Muslim people have risen up in the Arab region. They have become aware. They have awakened. The enemies cannot suppress them. They cannot change their path. The movement has already started and it has affected the conditions of the world. The movements that you see today in the western world - in America and in Europe - are indicative of great changes that the world will witness in the future.
We are not surprised by the response of the enemies. We are not surprised by the threats they make, the sanctions they impose and what the arrogant countries have been doing against the Islamic Republic during this time. They know that the Islamic Republic was the source of this movement. They know that it is the resistance of the Iranian nation that has managed to promote the idea in the region that it is possible to stand up against the power of the arrogant powers. The arrogant powers have always resolved their problems through intimidation. They intimidate nations and their leaders. When this technique is revealed and when nations realize that the power of the arrogant countries is superficial and not genuine, the arrogant powers will lose this weapon. And this is what has happened today. Therefore, they are angry and they pressure the Islamic Republic.
Of course they wrongly accuse the Islamic Republic of having started these movements. This is a baseless accusation. There is no need for such actions. The Islamic Republic has been inspirational because of its permanence, resistance and sincerity on this path - and the Iranian nation proved that it is sincere on this path. This inspiration is still there. Nations have awakened and they have found their path. And the enemies are continuing their hostility. Of course these hostilities create certain challenges. The Iranian nation is used to confronting such challenges. By Allah\'s favor, we will overcome all the challenges that the enemies create and we will achieve victory. Allah the Exalted has pre-ordained the establishment of brilliant Islamic truths in the world and He has also pre-ordained victory for the Iranian nation and ultimately for the Islamic Ummah.
I hope Allah the Exalted will bless all our people, our basijis and all our youth and government officials with the opportunity to continue this path. Everybody should know that they are responsible in these areas. All our government officials and people should know this. The people are present in the arena. The people are completely prepared in different areas and our government officials should appreciate our people and their preparedness. Our government officials should carry out their responsibilities in the three branches of government in the best possible way so that our nation can move forward in a coherent way.
Undoubtedly these Islamic movements around the world of Islam are permanent and progressive movements. Nations are awakening one after the other. The puppets of the arrogant powers will leave the scene one after the other and by Allah\'s favor, the power and glory of Islam will increase on a daily basis.
Dear God, help us be worthy of these great blessings. Make us be thankful for these great blessings. Dear God, enlighten our hearts with the light of Your love and knowledge and with the love and knowledge of your saints. Make us benefit from the prayers of the Imam of the Age (may our souls be sacrificed for his sake).
Greetings be upon you and Allah\'s mercy and blessings
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بيانات در دیدار اقشار نمونه بسیج سراسر كشور
بسماللهالرّحمنالرّحيم
الحمد لله ربّ العالمين و الصّلاة و السّلام على سيّدنا محمّد و ءاله الطّاهرين سيّما بقيّةالله فى الأرضين.
خداوند متعال را سپاسگزارم براى توفيق حضور در اين ديدار باشكوه و بسيار خوب. از برادران و خواهرانى كه در اطراف ميدان ايستادهاند، خواهش ميكنم بنشينند تا بتوانيم بحث كنيم.
امروز مقارن با اول محرم است. تناسبى هست ميان هويت و حقيقت بسيج با هويت محرم و عاشورا. بسيج افتخار دارد كه پيرو مكتب عاشوراست. البته عاشورا اوج فداكارى و ايثار است. همهى تاريخ، همهى عالم، مسئلهى عاشورا و حسينبنعلى (عليهالسّلام) و اصحاب وفادار او را با اين خصوصيت شناختهاند؛ فداكارى، ايثار در راه خدا و در راه تحقق اهداف الهى؛ ليكن مسئلهى عاشورا فقط اين نيست. بله، برجستهترين و نمايانترين خصوصيت عاشورا، همين فداكارى و شهادت است؛ ولى در ماجراى عاشورا حقايق ديگرى هم وجود دارد. از آغاز حركت از مدينه، بذر معرفت پاشيده شد - اين يكى از خصوصيات حادثهى عاشوراست - بذر بصيرت پاشيده شد. اگر مردمى، امتى از بصيرت برخوردار نباشند، حقايق گوناگون، كار آنها را اصلاح نخواهد كرد؛ گره از مشكلات آنها گشوده نخواهد شد. بنابراين اخلاص، موقعشناسى، پاشيدن بذر يك حركت فزايندهى تاريخى، از خصوصيات مهم عاشوراست. ماجرا فقط در ظهر عاشورا تمام نشد؛ در واقع از ظهر عاشورا يك جريانى در تاريخ شروع شد، كه همچنان رو به افزايش و گسترش است. بعد از اين هم همين خواهد بود. امام حسين (عليهالسّلام) براى اعلاى كلمهى حق و براى نجات خلق، همهى داشتههاى خود را به ميدان آورد. اين برخى از خصوصياتى است كه انسان به طور كلى در ماجراى عاشورا ميتواند ببيند و نشان بدهد.
بسيج، همين راه است؛ همين حركت است؛ همين هدفهاست؛ همين ابزارها و وسيلههاست. بسيج، جمع فداكارى از مردمند، براى مردم؛ تشكيل يك مجموعهاى در حركت عظيم يك ملت مجاهد. حضور در دفاع، حضور در علم، حضور در هنر، حضور در سازندگى، حضور در سياست، در فرهنگ، در كمك به مستضعفان، در كمك به درماندگان، در توليد، در فناورى، در پيشبرد مسائل گوناگون كشور، در ورزش، در درخششهاى بينالمللى، در هر كار خير؛ اين حركت بسيج است؛ حركتى مردمى، براى مردم، در دل مردم، از خود مردم، از همهى قشرها، زنان، مردان، جوانان، پيران، نوجوانان، از اصناف گوناگون؛ يعنى تشكيل يك مجموعهى حزبالله واقعى.
بسيج سياسى است، اما سياستزده نيست، سياسىكار نيست، جناحى نيست؛ بسيج مجاهد است، اما بىانضباط نيست، افراطى نيست؛ بسيج عميقاً متدين و متعبد است، اما متحجر نيست، خرافى نيست؛ بسيج بابصيرت است، اما ازخودراضى نيست؛ بسيج اهل جذب است - گفتهايم جذب حداكثرى - اما اهل تسامح در اصول نيست؛ بسيج غيور است، پاسدار خطوط فاصل است؛ بسيج طرفدار علم است، اما علمزده نيست؛ بسيج متخلق به اخلاق اسلامى است، اما رياكار نيست؛ بسيج در كار آبادكردن دنياست، اما خود اهل دنيا نيست. اين شد يك فرهنگ.
فرهنگ بسيجى يعنى آن مجموعهى معرفتها و روشها و منشهائى كه ميتواند مجموعههاى عظيمى را در ملت به وجود بياورد كه تضمينكنندهى حركت مستقيم و پايدار اسلامى آن ملت باشند. اين يك تفكر است؛ در ذهن هم نيست، در خارج و در عينيت وجود دارد. حركت بسيجى، سرنوشت ايران را، بلكه سرنوشت فراتر از ايران را تغيير داد، تعيين كرد. از روز اول، بسيجيان امام ما در ميدانهاى گوناگون انقلاب تا پيروزى انقلاب و تا پس از انقلاب حركتى كردند كه ماندگار شد، الگو شد، يادگار ملت ايران در عرصهى تاريخ شد. امروز جوانان نيويورك و كاليفرنيا هم شعارهاى مردم مصر و تونس را تكرار ميكنند، از آنها الهام ميگيرند؛ انكار هم نميكنند. جوانان مصر و تونس هم از حزبالله و حماس و جهاد اسلامى الهام گرفتهاند و فرا گرفتهاند و پنهان نكردند. و معلم اول در عصر جديد، بسيجىِ امام بزرگوار ما بود؛ كه همه از بسيجىِ امام بزرگوار فراگرفتند و از جانبازان و سربازان و فداكاران اين انقلاب ياد گرفتند كه چگونه ميتوان اسطورههاى قدرت مادى را شكست، چگونه ميتوان به نام خدا بتها را شكست، چگونه ميتوان ايستاد، چگونه ميتوان مقاومت كرد.
اينها حقايقى است كه امروز وجود بسيج، عينيت بسيج، حركت بسيج، هدفهاى بسيج، ما را به اين حقايق آشنا ميكند. انقلاب اسلامى و ملت انقلابى با يك چنين فرهنگى، با يك چنين آموزههائى، با يك چنين روحيهاى، توانست بسيارى از ناممكنها را ممكن كند، محقق كند؛ و اين حركت ادامه خواهد داشت. دشمنىِ دشمنان نميتواند تأثيرى بگذارد. البته دشمن، دشمنى ميكند - در اين ترديدى نبايد داشت، انتظارى هم جز اين از دشمن نبايد داشت - منتها ما وقتى حركت عظيم ملت ايران را از آغاز اين انقلاب، اين حركت، اين نهضت عمومى تا امروز مشاهده ميكنيم، مىبينيم يك خط سير مشخصى دارد. ملت ايران به سمت پيش حركت ميكند، به سمت اوج حركت ميكند، در ميدانهاى گوناگون بر چالشهاى گوناگون غلبه پيدا ميكند؛ و دشمنان در همين مقابله و مواجهه عقبنشينى ميكنند، كوتاه مىآيند؛ ناچارند. با اين حركت، سرنوشت ملت ايران، پيروزىِ قطعى است.
امروز در سرتاسر منطقهى اسلامى و منطقهى عربى، حركتهاى اسلامى و جوششهاى اسلامى مشاهده ميشود؛ اين همان چيزى است كه سى سال كسانى كه با حقيقت انقلاب آشنا بودند، انتظارش را داشتند و دشمنان انقلاب سى سال از تصور چنين چيزى به خود ميلرزيدند؛ واهمه و وحشت حوادثى را داشتند كه امروز اتفاق افتاده است. طراحان توطئههاى عليه انقلاب اسلامى پيشبينى ميكردند كه يك چنين حوادثى پيش خواهد آمد؛ و پيش آمد، و اين پيش خواهد رفت و متوقف نخواهد شد.
امروز ملتهاى مسلمان در منطقهى عربى سر بلند كردهاند، آگاه شدهاند، بيدار شدهاند. دشمنان نميتوانند آنها را سركوب كنند و نميتوانند راه را منحرف كنند. حركت به جريان افتاده است و وضع دنيا را تحت تأثير قرار داده است. همين حركتهائى كه امروز شما در دنياى غرب، در آمريكا و در اروپا مشاهده ميكنيد، نشان دهندهى تغييرات عظيمى است كه آيندهى دنيا شاهد اين تغييرات خواهد بود.
ما از عكسالعمل دشمنان تعجب نميكنيم؛ از تهديدهائى كه ميشود، از تحريمى كه ميكنند، از آنچه كه كشورهاى استكبارى در اين دوره در مواجههى با نظام جمهورى اسلامى انجام ميدهند، تعجب نميكنيم. آنها ميدانند كه كانون اين حركت، جمهورى اسلامى بود و ايستادگى ملت ايران است كه توانسته است اين روحيه را در منطقه بگستراند كه ميشود در مقابل هيمنهى استكبار ايستاد. استكبار پيشرفت كار خودش را همواره از راه مرعوب كردنها - ملتها را مرعوب ميكردند، سران كشورها را مرعوب ميكردند - پيش برده است. وقتى اين پردهى رعب بشكند، وقتى ملتها بدانند كه اين هيمنه، هيمنهى حقيقى و واقعى نيست و صورى و ظاهرى است، اين سلاح از دست استكبار گرفته خواهد شد. و امروز اينجور شده است. لذا خشمگينند، عصبانىاند، روى جمهورى اسلامى فشار وارد ميكنند.
البته اين كه جمهورى اسلامى را متهم كنند كه اين حركات را راه انداخته، غلط است؛ اين يك تهمت بيجا و بيموردى است؛ احتياجى به اين كار نيست. نظام اسلامى با بقاء خود، با ايستادگى خود، با صدق خود در اين راه - كه ملت ايران نشان داد در اين راه صادق است - الهامبخش بوده است و اين الهامبخشى وجود دارد. ملتها بيدار شدهاند و راه خود را پيدا كردهاند. دشمنان هم دشمنى ميكنند. البته اين دشمنىها چالشهائى را ايجاد ميكند. ملت ايران به مواجههى با اين چالشها عادت كرده است و ما انشاءالله بر همهى چالشهائى كه دشمنان به وجود مىآورند، غلبه خواهيم كرد و پيروز خواهيم شد و خداى متعال براى ملت ايران و در نهايت براى امت اسلامى و استقرار حقايق نورانى اسلام در عالم، اين پيروزى را مقدر فرموده است.
اميدواريم خداوند متعال توفيق تداوم در اين راه را به همهى ملت عزيز ما، به جوانان عزيز بسيجى ما، به همهى جوانان اين كشور و به مسئولان مرحمت كند. همه بدانند كه در اين زمينهها مسئولند؛ هم مسئولان كشور، هم قشرهاى گوناگون. مردم در ميدان حاضرند. آمادگى مردم در قضاياى گوناگون، آمادگى كامل است. مسئولان هم بايد قدر اين ملت را و اين آمادگى را بدانند و وظائف خود را، كارهائى را كه بر دوش آنهاست، به بهترين وجهى در قواى سهگانه انجام بدهند و ملت با انسجام پيش برود.
اين حركتهاى اسلامى در اطراف دنياى اسلام هم بلاشك حركتهاى ماندگارى است، حركتهاى پيشروندهاى است. ملتها يكى پس از ديگرى بيدار ميشوند. دستنشاندگان استكبار، يكى پس از ديگرى از عرصه و صحنه خارج خواهند شد و انشاءالله روزبهروز شوكت اسلام و اقتدار اسلام بيشتر خواهد شد.
پروردگارا! ما را لايق اين نعمتهاى بزرگ قرار بده؛ ما را شاكر اين نعمتهاى بزرگ قرار بده. پروردگارا! دلهاى ما را به نور محبت و معرفتِ خودت و اوليائت منور بگردان؛ دعاى بقيّةالله (ارواحنا فداه) را شامل حال ما بفرما.
والسّلام عليكم و رحمةالله و بركاته
Supreme Leader’s Speech to Basijis
28/11/2011
The following is the full text of the speech delivered on November 28, 2011 by Ayatollah Khamenei the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution to a group of basijis from different parts of the country.
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and peace and greetings upon our Master, Muhammad, and upon his immaculate household, especially the one remaining with Allah on earth.
I am grateful to Allah the Exalted who gave me the opportunity to attend this glorious and excellent meeting. I would like to ask the brothers and sisters who are standing around the square to sit down so that we can have a discussion.
Today has coincided with the first day of the month of Muharram. The identity and nature of Basij are in harmony with the identity of Muharram and Ashura. Basij is proud of being a follower of the school of Ashura. Of course Ashura is the peak of self-sacrifice. The issue of Ashura and what happened to Hussein ibn Ali (a.s.) and his loyal companions have been identified in the entire history and the entire world with self-sacrifice and selfless efforts in the way of God and for a divine cause. But the issue of Ashura is not limited to this. Yes, self-sacrifice and martyrdom are the most prominent and significant aspect of Ashura, but there are also other truths in Ashura. From the beginning of the movement in Medina, the seeds of knowledge and insight were sowed: this is one of the characteristics of the event that happened on Ashura. If a people lack insight, different things will not help them improve their conditions and solve their problems. Therefore, purity, identifying the opportunities, sowing the seeds of a growing historical movement - these are among the important characteristics of Ashura. The event did not end on the noon of Ashura. In fact a movement started in history from the noon of Ashura, a movement whose scope is still widening and expanding and it will continue expanding in the future as well. Imam Hussein (a.s.) brought whatever he had into the arena in order to promote the word of God and save mankind. These are some of the characteristics that one can identify in the event that happened on Ashura.
Basij is following the same path. It is continuing the same movement. It is pursuing the same goals. It is using the same tools and means. Basij is from among the people and it was established for the sake of the people. It was established in order to further the great movement of a mujahid nation. Basij is present in defense, science, art, construction of the country, politics, culture, helping oppressed and helpless people, production, technology, furthering different affairs of the country, sports, international arenas and all righteous actions. This is the movement of Basij: a popular movement for the people, in the hearts of the people, from among the people, from among different social classes, from among women and men - young and old - from different professions. That is to say, an organization was established which was hezbollahi in the real sense of the word.
Basij is political in nature, but it is not intoxicated by political and partisan activities. Basij is a mujahid organization, but it is not without discipline. It is not radical. Basij is deeply pious and religious, but it is not rigid and superstitious. Basij is insightful, but it is not self-centered. Basij is inclusive - and I have recommended maximum inclusion - but it will not compromise principles. Basij is brave. It is the guardian of principles. Basij is a supporter of science, but it is not intoxicated with science. Basij enjoys Islamic characteristics and it is not hypocritical. Basij is involved in improving the world, but it does not have materialistic tendencies. And this is a culture.
The basiji culture includes the knowledge, methods and behaviors which can give rise to great things that guarantee the permanent Islamic movement of a nation on a straight path. This is a school of thought and it is not just an abstract concept: it has a manifestation in the real world. The movement of Basij changed the destiny of Iran and it even went beyond changing the destiny of Iran. From the first day, basijis continued their activities in different revolutionary arenas before and after the Revolution and their movement became permanent. It became a model. It went down in history in the name of the Iranian nation. Today the youth of New York and California are repeating the slogans of the people of Egypt and Tunisia. They are inspired by these nations and they do not deny this. And the youth of Egypt and Tunisia were inspired by Hezbollah, Hamas and Islamic Jihad and they did not hide this. Basijis who were deployed by our magnanimous Imam (r.a.) started this inspiration in the modern world. Everybody learnt how to defeat the icons of materialistic power from our Imam\'s basijis and from our disabled war veterans, soldiers and selfless people. They learnt how to break idols in the name of God. They leant how to stand firm and how to resist.
Today the existence, movement and goals of Basij make us familiar with these truths. By relying on this culture, these teachings and this spirit, the Islamic Revolution and the revolutionary Iranian nation managed to accomplish many things which were considered impossible and this movement will continue. The hostility of the enemies cannot affect this. Of course the enemy will continue its hostility. We must not have any doubts in this regard. In fact an enemy should not be expected to behave otherwise. However, when we consider the great movement of the Iranian nation from the beginning of the Revolution to the present day, we see that there is a clear path. The Iranian nation is moving forward. It is moving towards the peak. It continues overcoming different challenges in different arenas and the enemies are forced to back down in this confrontation. With this movement, the Iranian nation will definitely achieve victory.
Today Islamic movements and uprisings are being witnessed throughout Islamic and Arab regions. This is exactly what has been expected since thirty years ago by those who were familiar with the nature of the Revolution. And in anticipation of such a thing, the enemies of the Revolution were trembling with fear for thirty years. They lived in fear of the events that have already happened today. Those who were hatching plots against the Islamic Revolution predicted such events and they happened. These events will continue and they will not stop.
Today Muslim people have risen up in the Arab region. They have become aware. They have awakened. The enemies cannot suppress them. They cannot change their path. The movement has already started and it has affected the conditions of the world. The movements that you see today in the western world - in America and in Europe - are indicative of great changes that the world will witness in the future.
We are not surprised by the response of the enemies. We are not surprised by the threats they make, the sanctions they impose and what the arrogant countries have been doing against the Islamic Republic during this time. They know that the Islamic Republic was the source of this movement. They know that it is the resistance of the Iranian nation that has managed to promote the idea in the region that it is possible to stand up against the power of the arrogant powers. The arrogant powers have always resolved their problems through intimidation. They intimidate nations and their leaders. When this technique is revealed and when nations realize that the power of the arrogant countries is superficial and not genuine, the arrogant powers will lose this weapon. And this is what has happened today. Therefore, they are angry and they pressure the Islamic Republic.
Of course they wrongly accuse the Islamic Republic of having started these movements. This is a baseless accusation. There is no need for such actions. The Islamic Republic has been inspirational because of its permanence, resistance and sincerity on this path - and the Iranian nation proved that it is sincere on this path. This inspiration is still there. Nations have awakened and they have found their path. And the enemies are continuing their hostility. Of course these hostilities create certain challenges. The Iranian nation is used to confronting such challenges. By Allah\'s favor, we will overcome all the challenges that the enemies create and we will achieve victory. Allah the Exalted has pre-ordained the establishment of brilliant Islamic truths in the world and He has also pre-ordained victory for the Iranian nation and ultimately for the Islamic Ummah.
I hope Allah the Exalted will bless all our people, our basijis and all our youth and government officials with the opportunity to continue this path. Everybody should know that they are responsible in these areas. All our government officials and people should know this. The people are present in the arena. The people are completely prepared in different areas and our government officials should appreciate our people and their preparedness. Our government officials should carry out their responsibilities in the three branches of government in the best possible way so that our nation can move forward in a coherent way.
Undoubtedly these Islamic movements around the world of Islam are permanent and progressive movements. Nations are awakening one after the other. The puppets of the arrogant powers will leave the scene one after the other and by Allah\'s favor, the power and glory of Islam will increase on a daily basis.
Dear God, help us be worthy of these great blessings. Make us be thankful for these great blessings. Dear God, enlighten our hearts with the light of Your love and knowledge and with the love and knowledge of your saints. Make us benefit from the prayers of the Imam of the Age (may our souls be sacrificed for his sake).
Greetings be upon you and Allah\'s mercy and blessings